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Clinical Anatomy > small animal urogenital > Flashcards

small animal urogenital Flashcards

1
Q

what ligament attaches the uterus to the body wall

A

broad ligament

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2
Q

where do you make an incision when doing a cystotomy

A

ventral aspect of bladder

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3
Q

landmarks for the right gutter

A

descending duodenum, retract it to see the right kidney, right adrenal, right ovary and right limb of pancreas

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4
Q

where should you be able to palpate the right adrenal

A

under the caudate lobe

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5
Q

left gutter landmark

A

desscending colon

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6
Q

major kidney vessels come out of what aspect of the kidney

A

medial

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7
Q

the ureters attach at what point of the bladder

A

trigone

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8
Q

all major vessels of the genital glands come from the ____ aspect of the aorta, this is why you enter _____ duing a cysto since there are less vessels in the way

A

dorsally
ventrally

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9
Q

what ligament gets broken down when doing a spay

A

suspensory

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10
Q

what ligament attaches the ovary to the uterine horn

A

proper ligament

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11
Q

what ligament can you see here

A

broad ligament

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12
Q

what is the major vessel within the broad ligament

A

uterine artery
will need to ligate

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13
Q

the round ligament is a ______ band of tension

A

tight

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14
Q

what is pointed to in the left image? the right?

A

urethra
urethral stones

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15
Q

what is this vessel

A

caudal superficial epigastric vessel
make incision on either side of it if possible

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16
Q

what is the holding layer in a cystotomy closure

A

submucosa

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17
Q

what’s here

A

struvite bladder stones

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18
Q

what is the most common type of bladder stone

A

struvite (magnesium)

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19
Q

UTI induced stones are more common in ____

A

dogs

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20
Q

sterile struvite stones are more common in ____

A

cats

21
Q

is crystalluria an indication of bladder stone formation

A

NO

22
Q
A
23
Q

dietary dissolution of struvite bladder stones takes about how long

A

8 weeks

24
Q

struvite stones tend to form in more ____ urine, whereas calcium stones form in more ____ urine

A

alkaline, acidic

25
Q

Voiding urohydropropulsion works best in what patients

A

dogs weighting more than 8kg whose uroliths are less than 5mm

26
Q

what is voiding urohydropropulsion

A

filling up bladder with saline then expressing stones out

27
Q

what going on

A

pyometra

28
Q

best method for detecting pregnancy

A

ultrasound, can see gestational says as early as 3 weeks

29
Q

when does calcification of skeletal structures occur during pregnancy

A

45 days

30
Q

typically age of pyometra diagnosis

A

7 yrs +

31
Q
A

pyometra
fluid filled structures

32
Q

what is the most common bacterial infection seen in dogs w/ pyometras

A

E. coli

33
Q

when does pyometra typically present?

A

2-4 months after estrus

34
Q

what is a common concurrent urinary issue seen in about 25% of pyometra cases

A

UTI

35
Q

with a _____-cervix pyometra there may not be any vaginal discharge and the patient is typically systemically ill

A

closed

36
Q

with an ____-cervix pyometra, vaginal discharge might be the only finding

A

open

37
Q

is cryptorchidism more common in cats or dogs

A

dogs: 15%
cats: 1%

38
Q

treatment for pyometra

A

ovariohysterectomy

39
Q

T/F: cryptorchidism is heritable

A

T

40
Q

an undescended testicle can be _____ or ______

A

inguinal or abdominal

41
Q

what side of testes is first to descent

A

left, hence why right sided inguinal (followed by R sided abdominal) cryptorchidism is most common

42
Q

in large breed dogs, what type of cryptorchidism location is more common

A

abdominal

43
Q

what type of cryptorchidism is this

A

abdominal

44
Q

which kidney is located more cranially?

A

Right

45
Q

what this

A

sublumbar lymphadenopathy
enlargement of sublumbar LNs

46
Q

what this

A

prostagomegaly
enlargement of prostate gland

47
Q

where do you perform an abdominocentesis

A

on the linea alba, 2cm caudal from umbilicus
can also do 4 quadrant

48
Q
A

Clinical Anatomy (7 decks)

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