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Clinical Anatomy > small animal head and neck > Flashcards

small animal head and neck Flashcards

1
Q

when do canine deciduous incisors errupt? permanent?

A

deciduous: 4-6 weeks
permanent: 3-5 months

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2
Q

when do canine deciduous canines errupt? permanent canines?

A

deciduous: 5-6 weeks
permanent: 4-6 months

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3
Q

when do canine deciduous premolars erupt, permanent premolars?

A

deciduous: 6 weeks
permanent: 4-5 months

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4
Q

do canines have deciduous molars

A

no, only permanent

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5
Q

5

when do canine molars erupt

A

5-7 months

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6
Q

how many deciduous teeth do dogs have? how many permanent?

A

deciduous = 28
permanent = 42

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7
Q

decidious dental formula for canines

A

3 1 3 / 3 1 3 = 14
x2 = 28

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8
Q

permanent canine dental formula

A

3 1 4 2 / 3 1 4 3 = 21
21x2 = 42

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9
Q

in dogs what are the carnasial or shearing teeth

A

upper 4th Premolar and lower first molar

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10
Q

which teeth break most commonly in dogs and why

A

carnassial teeth (upper 4th PM, lower M1) they are the chewing teeth

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11
Q

how many deciduous teeth do felines have? permanent?

A

deciduous = 26
permanent = 30

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12
Q

deciduous feline dental formula

A

3 1 3 / 3 1 2 = 13
13x2 = 26

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13
Q

permanent feline dental formula

A

3 1 3 1 / 3 1 2 1 = 15
15x2=30

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14
Q

where do you give a rostral maxillary block

A

injection given at infraorbital canal
blocks feeling from distal upper premolar 3 to midline of maxilla

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15
Q

where do you give a caudal maxillary block and what does it numb

A

inject behind the last molar, numbs entire ipsilateral side to the maxillary midline

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16
Q

where do you give a rostral mandibular (mental) block and what does it numb?

A

injection at middle mental forman (ventral to the distal root of the mandibular 2nd premolar)
numbs from mandibular 2nd to 3rd PM rostral to midline

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17
Q

where is a caudal mandiular (inferior alveolar) block given and what does it numb

A

mandibular canal where the inferior alveolar nerve enters
blocks from 3rd mandibular molar to midline

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18
Q

what bones make up the TMJ hinge joint

A

condyloid process of mandible and mandibular fossa of temporal bone

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19
Q

Brachycephalic Upper Airway syndrome

A

stenotic nares
elongated soft palate
hypoplastic trachea
everted laryngeal saccuels

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20
Q

what is the effect of everted laryngeal saccules

A

chronic increased respiratory effort can evert the soft tissue between the vocal folds

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21
Q

how many parathyroid glands do cats and dogs have

A

4
2 external
2 internal

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22
Q

what do the parathyroid glands produce

A

PTH
increases Ca levels

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23
Q

what salivary glands have ductal openings into the maxilla

A

parotid and zygomatic glands

24
Q

salivary glands that have ductal openings into the mandibe/sublingual

A

mandibular and sublingual glands

25
Q

what is salivary Mucocele (sialocele)

A

accumulation of saliva that leaks from an injured salivary gland or duct
the saliva accumulates within tissues of the mouth and neck, forming a soft swelling

26
Q

Cervical mucocele

A

swelling in the upper neck

27
Q

sublingual mucocele (ranula)

A

swelling wihtin the mouth, below and alongside the tongue

28
Q

pharyngeal mucocele

A

swelling in the pharynx

29
Q

zygomatic mucocele

A

uncommon, swelling in cheek area or below eye

30
Q

what are the major veins around the salivary gland

A

linguofacial and maxillary

31
Q

what are the main vessels in the ear

A

medial and lateral auricular branch
intermediate auricular branvh

32
Q

inflammatory growth out of the middle ear (tympanic bulbae) that occurs in young cats

A

nasopharyngeal polyps

33
Q

common term for a prolapsed 3rd eyelid (nicitating membrane)

A

cherry eye

34
Q

what nerve innervates almost all of the muscles of the larynx

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (branch of the vagus)

35
Q

what muscle is affected in laryngeal paralysis

A

cricoarytenoideus dorsalis

36
Q

what artery lies beneath the jugular

A

carotid artery

37
Q

T/F: dogs have a vertical and horizontal ear canal

A

T

38
Q

T/F: Nasopharyngeal polyps in cats are beningn

A

T

39
Q

what is the largest eye gland

A

gland of the 3rd eyelid

40
Q

CN XII (hypoglossal) provides motor innervation to the ?

A

tongue

41
Q

what CN is affected if you observe a patient whose tongue deviates towards the side of a lesion

A

CN XII hypoglossal

42
Q

CN XI (Accessory) provides motor innervation to what muscles

A

brachicephalic, sternocephalic, trapezius

43
Q

what CNs provides motor and sensory information to the pharnyx and larynx

A

vagus and glossopharyngeal
X, XI

44
Q

what CN provides parasympathetic innervation to the thoracic and abdominal viscera

A

CN X vagus

45
Q

the absence of a gag reflex, frequent choking, difficulty swallowing, inspiratory dyspnea all indicate there may be an issue w/ what CN

A

X or IX

46
Q

what CN is affected if a patient has deafness, head tilt or nystagmus

A

CN VIII (vestibulocochlear)

47
Q

what CN is affected if you observe atrophy of the temporalis and masseter muscles, decreased jaw tone, dropped jaw, or an inability to close the mouth with difficulty chewing/eating

A

CN V Trigeminal

48
Q

what CN is responsible for sense of smell

A

CN 1, olfactory

49
Q

if a patient fails to blink during a menace test, bumps into objects or doesn’t follow the cotton ball during the cotton ball test, what CN is of concern

A

CN II optic

50
Q

in felines if their pupil and retinal vessels are deviated, what CN may be fucked

A

IV Trochlear

51
Q

what CN supplies movement of the globes and constriction of pupils

A

CN III, Oculomotor

52
Q

ventrolateral strabismus of the globe, dilated pupil of affected eye in response to bright light indicates an issue with what CN

A

CN III, Oculomotor

53
Q

what CN is fucked if patient has: medial strabismus, globe is not retracted into orbit and the 3rd eyelid gland does not protrube

A

CN VI, Abducent

54
Q

What CN is fucked if a dog ignores food

A

CN I olfactory

55
Q

what CN is responsible for the medial rotation of the dorsal globe

A

IV, Trochlear

56
Q

what CN is responsible for lateral globe movement and retraction of the globe

A

CN VI (Abducent)

57
Q

what CN is fucked if an animal has difficulty /weakness when trying to turn neck along with atrophy of neck muscles

A

XI, accessory

Clinical Anatomy (7 decks)

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