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8 Reviewer A + Reviewer B Veterinary Medicine > Small animal medicine > Flashcards

Small animal medicine Flashcards

1
Q

An acute onset of profuse hemorrhagic diarrhea (resembling a raspberry jam) in a small or toy breed dog is characteristic of infections with:
a.Salmonella
b.Escherichia coli
c. Clostridium perfringens
d.Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Clostridium perfringens

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2
Q

Heartworm infection in cats is treated with:
a. melarsomine
b.moxidectin/imidacloprid
c. selamectin
d.prednisolone

A

Prednisolone

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3
Q

The most common cause of acquired deafness in dogs is:
a.tumors involving the brainstem
b.aminoglycoside toxicity
c. degeneration of the cochlea
d.loud noises

A

Degeneration of the cochlea

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4
Q

Scurvy in guinea pigs is a result of a deficiency in:
a. Cholesterol
b.Vitamin C
c. Calcium
d.Vitamin E

A

Vitamin C

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5
Q

Proliferative ileitis in hamsters is caused by:
a. Lawsonia intracellularis
b.Clostridium difficile
c. Campylobacter jejuni
d.Clostridium piliforme

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

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6
Q

Which of the following antibiotics may be indicated for a 5-month-old unvaccinated puppy with severe parvoviral infection?
a.Ampicillin
b.Enrofloxacin
c. Cefovecin
d.Gentamicin

A

Cefovecin

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7
Q

If vomiting is protracted, the following may also be indicated for the puppy except:
a. Maropitant
b.Ondansetron
c. Diphenoxylate
d.Metoclopramide

A

Diphenoxylate

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8
Q

The following are the most common etiologies of kennel cough except:
a. Canine adenovirus 2 (CAV-2)
b.Bordetella bronchiseptica
c. Canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV)
d.Mycoplasma spp.

A

Mycoplasma spp.

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9
Q

This should be considered in the diagnosis of any febrile condition in dogs with multisystemic clinical signs involving the respiratory, GI, and/or neurologic systems:
a.Parvovirus infection
b.Infectious canine tracheobronchitis
c.Canine distemper
d.Lead toxicity

A

Canine distemper

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10
Q

The first step in treating a cat that eliminates outside the litterbox is to:
a.Improve litterbox hygiene
b.Confine the cat in a cage
c.Prescribe diazepam
d.Punish the cat

A

Improve litterbox hygiene

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11
Q

A young budgerigar has marked beak deformities and crusting of featherless areas of the skin. The most likely cause of these
signs is:
a.Temporomandibular joint abnormalities
b.Candidiasis
c. Hepatopathy
d.Knemidocoptes infestation

A

Knemidocoptes infestation

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12
Q

The underlying cause of feather picking is usually:
a. Ectoparasitic infestation
b.An allergic reaction
c.Psychological in origin
d.Endoparasitic infection

A

Psychological in origin

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13
Q

You are presented with a 2-year-old Golden Retriever with right front limb lameness for 3 weeks. There is slight swelling of the right shoulder. On radiographs, a lesion in the humeral metaphysis is characterized by cortical destruction, active periosteal proliferation, and a hazy transition zone between normal and abnormal bone. The most likely cause of these findings is:
a. Osteosarcoma
b. Osteochondrosis
c. Bacterial osteomyelitis
d. Healing fracture

A

Osteosarcoma

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14
Q

Regarding this patient, the most appropriate course of action is to:
a.Amputate the limb
b.Biopsy of the humerus
c.Obtain blood samples for culture
d.Radiograph the thorax

A

Radiograph the thorax

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15
Q

Which parenchymal pattern is commonly observed on radiographs of dogs with bacterial pneumonia?
a. Bronchial
b. Interstitial
c. Alveolar
d. Vascular

A

Alveolar

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16
Q

A 5-year-old puppy has had coughing and an oculonasal discharge for the past week. The puppy was vaccinated at 10 and 12 weeks of age. A blood smear stained with Diff-Quik reveals homogenous eosinophilic-staining inclusions in red blood cells and neutrophils. The most likely cause of this puppy’s illness is:
a. Parvovirus infection
b. Ehrlichiosis
c. Borreliosis
d. Distemper

A

Distemper

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17
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis is diagnosed by:
a. Complement fixation
b. The allergen provocation test
c. The patch test
d. Intrapalpebral injection of allergens

A

The patch test

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18
Q

A dog has a thin haircoat, scaly dermatitis (especially around the eyes, mouth and ears), parakeratosis and hair depigmentation.
These signs are most likely related to a dietary deficiency of:
a. Zinc
b. Iron
c. Selenium
d. Calcium

A

Zinc

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19
Q

Hip dysplasia:
a. Most often affects small breeds of dogs
b. Is not hereditary
c. Resolves with age
d. Is diagnosed by ventrodorsal radiographs of pelvis

A

Is diagnosed by ventrodorsal radiographs of pelvis

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20
Q

The most common cause of vaccine failure in dogs and cats is:
a. Interference by maternally derived immunity with vaccine virus
b. Loss of immunogenicity from improper handling of vaccines
c. Low antigenic mass of vaccines
d. Split dosages of vaccines to reduce cost of vaccination

A

Interference by maternally derived immunity with vaccine virus

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21
Q

The most common dermatophyte of cats is:
a.Microsporum canis
b.Microsporum felis
c.Trichophyton mentagrophytes
d.Microsporum gypseum

A

Microsporum canis

22
Q

Concerning viral enteritis in dogs, which statement is most accurate?
a. Severe coronaviral infections cause intestinal crypt necrosis
b. Severe parvoviral infections cause widespread loss of villi
c. Severe rotaviral infections cause intestinal crypt necrosis
d. Rotaviral infections often result in concurrent aspiration pneumonia

A

Severe parvoviral infections cause widespread loss of villi

23
Q

Concerning tuberculosis in dogs, which statement is most accurate?
a. Dogs are more likely to acquire the infection from people than people are to acquire the infection from dogs.
b. Affected dogs usually have gastrointestinal signs.
c. Dogs usually are infected with Mycobacterium bovis.
d. Intradermal testing is the preferred method of
diagnosis.

A

Dogs are more likely to acquire the infection from people than people are to acquire the infection from dogs.

24
Q

Which ocular disorder is associated with taurine deficiency in
cats?
a. Retinal detachment
b. Glaucoma
c. Central retinal degeneration
d. Anterior uveitis

A

Central retinal degeneration

25
Q

Concerning pseudorabies, which statement is most accurate?
a. In cats it begins with excitement, and in dogs with depression
b.In cats it begins with depression, and in dogs with excitement
c.Affected cats usually die much later in the cause of
the disease than dogs
d.There is no variation in affected dogs and cats.

A

In cats it begins with excitement, and in dogs with depression

26
Q

What is the most common clinical sign of overly rapid intravenous infusion of blood products in cats?
a. Ataxia
b. Bradycardia
c. Vomiting
d. Opisthotonus

A

Vomiting

27
Q

Which drug is most useful in treatment of acetaminophen
(paracetamol) toxicosis?
a. Xylazine
b. Diazepam
c. Aspirin
d. Acetylcysteine

A

Acetylcysteine

28
Q

What is the most efficient means of transmission of Toxoplasma
gondii to cats?
a. Congenital (in utero)
b. Predation by another host infected with cysts
c. Inhalation of aerosolized oocysts
d. Ingestion of feces

A

Predation by another host infected with cysts

29
Q

A 3-year old dog with a dry unproductive cough began coughing 3 days previously. The animal is otherwise normal. The most appropriate initial course of action is to:
a. Make thoracic radiograph
b. Administer prednisolone to reduce tracheal irritation
c. Perform a complete blood count to seek evidence of tracheal infection
d. Administer theophylline for bronchodilation

A

Administer theophylline for bronchodilation

30
Q

A mixed breed dog has had a relatively severe, dry cough for the past 10 days. The cough began 4-5 days after the animal was housed at a kennel. The most likely cause of this dog’s disease is:
a. herpesvirus
b.Streptococcus pneumoniae
c.Klebsiella pneumoniae
d.Bordetella bronchiseptica

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica

31
Q

The most appropriate treatment for a 5-month-old dog with mild, acute diarrhea of 2 days duration and of unknown origin is:
a. Oral rehydration solution
b. A bland, easily digested diet
c. Oral neomycin
d. Loperamide

A

A bland, easily digested diet

32
Q

Concerning distemper in dogs, which statement is most accurate?
a. Distemper is one of the most common causes of convulsions in dogs less than 6 months of age
b. The distemper virus’s marked resistance to the environment is the
reason this disease is so easily spread from animal to animal
c. Distemper may be differentiated from ehrlichiosis because the latter causes thrombocytopenia
d. The fluorescent antibody test on conjunctival scrapings is most
useful in dogs with chronic distemper encephalitis

A

Distemper is one of the most common causes of convulsions in dogs less than 6 months of age

33
Q

The best site for blood collection in rats and gerbils is through:
a. Cardiac puncture
b. Orbital sinus puncture
c. Toe nail clipping
d. Tail vein cutting

A

Orbital sinus puncture

34
Q

A dog was presented to the clinic with exercise intolerance, orthopnea, and soft moist coughing. Crackling sounds and muffled heart sounds were heard upon auscultation of the thorax. Thoracic radiography revealed a globose cardiac silhouette with increased diaphragmatic and sternal contact. In addition, diffuse alveolar and bronchial patterns were also seen suggestive of pulmonary edema. What drug will you use to address the latter?
a. Sildenafil
b. Pimobendan
c. Enalapril
d. Furosemide

A

Furosemide

35
Q

A dog suddenly collapsed in the clinic during a routine check up. Quickly, the attending veterinarian supplied oxygen and attached a digital monitor to the patient. The rhythm at lead II was ventricular tachycardia. To address the life-threatening arrhythmia, what would the attending veterinarian administer?
a. Lidocaine
b. Atenolol
c. Amiodarone
d. Verapamil

A

Lidocaine

36
Q

A bitch has been bleeding for a week from the vagina. The owner stated last heat occurred 3 months ago. Upon closer examination, a 2-cm diameter cauliflower-like growth was seen at the inner fold of the vulva. Impression smear revealed round cells with a vacuolated cytoplasm. What is the treatment of choice?
a. Doxorubicin
b. Cyclophosphamide
c. Vincristine
d. Procarbazine

A

Vincristine

37
Q

A dyspneic cat with an enlarged abdomen was suspected to have Feline Infectious Peritonitis. To confirm the diagnosis, the vet aspirated pleural effusions and placed a drop in water-acetic acid mixture. This test is the:
a. Coomb’s test
b.Coggin’s test
c.Rivalta’s test
d.Robert’s test

A

Rivalta’s test

38
Q

Parvovirus-induced myocarditis is most likely to be seen in:
a.Young dogs
b.Old dogs
c. Greyhounds
d.Pregnant bitches

A

Young dogs

39
Q

Atherosclerosis is not nearly as common in dogs and in people, but it may be encountered in dogs with:
a. Hypothyroidism
b.Hyperthyroidism
c. Hyperadrenocorticism
d.Hypoadrenocorticism

A

Hypothyroidism

40
Q

Persistent right aortic arch in a dog is most likely to cause:
a. Dysphagia
b. Uremia
c. Hypertension
d. Cyanosis

A

Dysphagia

41
Q

What breed of dog that have problem with urinary calculi due to failure of the kidney to reabsorb uric acid and convert it to allantoin in the liver?
a. Cocker spaniel
b. Dalmatian
c. Welsh Corgi
d. Saint Bernard

A

Dalmatian

42
Q

Which type of urolith is most frequently associated with bacterial urinary tract infection?
a. Cystine
b. Calcium phosphate
c. Calcium oxalate
d. Magnesium ammonium phosphate

A

Magnesium ammonium phosphate

43
Q

A common cause of chronic blood loss anemia in young animals is:
a. Parasitism (fleas, hookworms)
b. Rodenticide toxicosis (warfarin)
c. Primary bleeding disorder
d. Immune-mediated hemolytic disease

A

Parasitism (fleas, hookworms)

44
Q

Which tumor is most likely to undergo spontaneous remission?
a. Mast-cell tumor
b. Melanoma
c. Transmissible venereal tumor
d. Lymphosarcoma

A

Transmissible venereal tumor

45
Q

The most common cause of death in cats falling from heights (high-rise syndrome) is:
a. Cranial trauma
b. Rupture of abdominal viscera
c. Open fractures of long bones
d. Thoracic trauma

A

Thoracic trauma

46
Q

Impetigo is another name for:
a. Superficial pustular pyoderma
b. Bacterial hypersensitivity
c. Skinfold pyoderma
d. Deep pyoderma

A

Superficial pustular pyoderma

47
Q

An excess of which element has been associated with hemolytic anemia in dogs?
a. Copper
b. Silver
c. Sodium
d. Zinc

A

Zinc

48
Q

Which clinical sign is specific for Sertoli-cell tumor?
a. Hyperpigmentation
b. Pruritus
c. Truncal alopecia
d. Linear preputial dermatosis

A

Linear preputial dermatosis

49
Q

A cat is presented with pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin and mucous membranes. This condition is called:
a.Anemia
b.Icterus
c.Purpura
d.Petechiation

A

Petechiation

50
Q

A complete blood count on a canine blood sample shows
markedly regenerative anemia, spherocytosis, and neutrophilia, with a left shift back to metamyelocytes. What is the most likely cause of these findings?
a. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
b. Babesiosis
c. Ehrlichiosis
d. Gastrointestinal blood loss

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

8 Reviewer A + Reviewer B Veterinary Medicine (15 decks)

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