Small and Large Intestine Flashcards
What is the length of the small intesting
6-7m long
What is the location of the jejunum and duodenum
Jejunum : mostly left upper quadrant
Ileum: Mostly in right lower quadrant
Explain the difference in vascularity patterns between the jejunum and ileum
Jejunum:
- More vascular
- Long and few Vasa Recta and Arcades
Ileum:
- Less vascular
- Short and many Vasa Recta and Arcades
Between jejunum and ileum, which has the most fat in the peritoneum
Ileum
Between jejunum and ileum, explain the difference in Circular Folds (Plica Circulares)
Jejunum:
Large, tall and closely packed
Ileum:
Low and sparse, absent in distal part
Between jejunum and ileum, which has more Lymphoid Nodules (Peyer’s Patches)?
Ileum
What is the blood supply of the Jejunum and Ileum?
Arterial:
-Jujuneal and ileal braches from SMA. These form arterial arcades
Venous:
-Accompany arteries and drain into SMV. Later drains into Portal Vein.
What is the lymphatic drainage of the Ileum and Jejunum?
Superior Mesenteric LN
What is the nerve supply to the Jejunum and Ileum
Vagus and Thoracic Splanchnic Nerves (Via celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses)
What is the length of the large intestine
1.5m
Explain the small fat-filled sacs of peritoneum in the large intestine
Called Omental Appendices
Not present in Cecum, Vermiform Appendix and Rectum
What are the muscle fibres of the large intestine? How are they arranged?
Taenia Coli
Longitunidal muscle fibres arranged in 3 bands
Not present in Appendix or Rectum
What is formed from the Taenia Coli being shorter than the intestine?
Haustral or Sacculations
What are the parts of the Large Intestine
Cecum and Appendix
Colon:
- Ascending
- Transverse
- Descending
- Sigmoid
Rectum
Anal Canal
What is the position of the Ascending Colon and Rt. Colic Flexure
Rt Lumbar Region and Rt .Hypocondriac Region
Lateral to Rt MCL
Rt Colic Flexure:
-In upper and right angle of intersection of subcostal and rt. MCL
What is the position of the transverse Colon
Between Umbilical and Epigastric regions
From Rt. Hypocondriac through till Lt. Hypocondriac Regions
Lower border is one level above Umbilicus
Upper border just below greater curvature of stomach
What is the position of the Descending Colon and the Lt. Colic Flexure?
Lt. Lumbar Region, Lateral to Lt. MCL as far as Iliac Crest (at Pelvic Inlet)
Lt Colic Flexure:
Upper Lt. angle of intersection between Lt. MCL and Transpyloric lines
What is the position of the Sigmoid Colon
From end of Descending Colon (pelvic brim) to Lt. MCL at level of ASIS.
From Pelvic Brim, crosses Sacrum and curves to midline to 3rd sacral vertebra at rectum.
What is the location of the Caecum
Rt. Iliac Fossa, above Inguinal Ligament.
Completely covered by Peritoneum
How big is the Caecum?
6-7cm in length and breadth
Explain the structure of the Ileocecal Valve
AKA the ILV
Has an upper and lower lip which fuse at either side - forming the Frenulum of the Valve
What is the length of the Vermiform Appendix
8cm
Where does the Appendix arise?
Posteromedial wall of Cecum, 2cm below Ileocecal valve
McBurney’s Point:
The base lies at a point 1/3 the distance from the right ASIS to Umbilicus
What is the ligament of the Appendix? What does it contain?
Meso-appendix
Contains Appendicular Artery
