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Abdomen > Pancreas and Spleen > Flashcards

Pancreas and Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

What is the size of the Pancreas

A

12-15cm long

60-100g in mass

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2
Q

What is the location of the pancreas

A

Abdominal regions:
Epigastric
Left Hypochondriac

Horizontal across post. abd. wall
Post. to stomach
From duodenal concavity to hilum of speen
L1-L2

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3
Q

What are the exocrine and endocrine secretions of the pancreas

A

Exocrine: Pancreatic juices

Endocrine
-Insulin
-Glucagon
Somatostatin (sugar metabolism)

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4
Q

What are the four parts of the pancreas? What is attached to the head of the Pancreas?

A

Head (unicinate process attached)
Neck
Body
Tail

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5
Q

What are the relations of the head of the pancreas

A

Anterior:

  • Transverse colon
  • Mesocolon
  • Jejunum

Posterior:

  • IVC
  • Bile Duct
  • Right Renal Vessels
  • Left Renal Vein
  • Right Crus of diaphragm

SMA and SMV lie ant to the Uncinate Process but post. to the main part of the pancreas

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6
Q

What are the relations of the neck of the pancreas

A

Anterior:
-Peritoneum

Posterior

  • SMA and SMV
  • Poral vein formation (SMV and Splenic Vein)
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7
Q

How long is the neck of the pancreas

A

2cm

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8
Q

What are the relations of the body of the pancreas

A

Anterior:

  • peritoneum
  • separated from stomach by omental bursa

Posterior:

  • L2 body
  • aorta
  • SMA
  • Left Crus of diaphragm
  • Left Kidney
  • Suprarenal gland and Renal Vessels
  • Splenic Vein

Superior:

  • Coeliac Artery
  • Splenic Artery
  • Common Hepatic Artery

Inferior:
-Superior mesenteric Vessels

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9
Q

Is the pancreas how does the pancreas sit in relation to the peritoneoum

A

Entirely retroperitoneal - except for the tail (lies within splenorenal lig.)

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10
Q

What are the relations of the tail of the pancreas

A

In contact with splenic hilum

Lies anterior to Left Renal and Left Colic (splenic) Flexure.

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11
Q

What are the two pancreatic ducts?

A

Major Pancreatic duct (of Wirsung)

Accessory (Minor) duct of Santorini

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12
Q

What is the course of the Major Pancreatic Duct?

A

From tail to head. At neck, it turns caudally and dorsally to unite with the Bile Duct, forming a short and dilated Hepatopancreatic Ampulla (of Vater)

This passes obliquely through the medial wall of the descending duodenum, opening via the Hepato-pancreatic sphincter of Oddi (about 8-10cm from pylorus)

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13
Q

What is the course of the Accessory Duct of Santorini

A

Drains part of the head, enters the duodenum (2cm above the main pancreatic duct)

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14
Q

What is the arterial supply of the pancreas?

A

Superior pancreaticoduodental aa. (ant and post)
-From gastroduodenal a.

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal aa. (ant and post)
-First br. of SMA

Dorsal pancreatic artery
-From Splenic a.

Nuumerous pancreatic branches
-Arising from Splenic a

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15
Q

What is the venous drainage of the Pancreas

A

Splenic v. and SMV —- Draining into portal vein

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16
Q

What is the nerve supply of the Pancreas

A

Coeliac Plexus

Superior Mesenteric Plexus

17
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the Pancreas

A

Pancreaticosplenic LN
Coeliac LN
Superior Mesenteric LN

18
Q

What are the complications of the Pancreatic Cancer

A

Compresses and obstructs the Bile Duct

Compresses the Hepatopancreatic ampulla

Jaundice

19
Q

What is the location of the spleen (abdominal regions)

A

Left hypochondrium

May extend into epigastric region

20
Q

What is the postion of the spleen (ribs, vertebrae etc.)

A

Between fundus of stomach, diaphragm and kidney

Long axis lies in line of ribs 9-11 on left

Post end:
3.5-4cm from mid-dorsal line
Opposite spine of T10

Anterior end:
Mid-axillary line

21
Q

What are the two surfaces of the spleen

A

Visceral surface

Diaphragmatic surface

22
Q

What are the three area’s on the viscreal surface of the spleen? What are their anatomical directions?

A

Gstric area - Anterior
Renal area - Medial
Colic area - Inferior

23
Q

What are the ligaments of the spleen and what do they contain?

A

Splenorenal (lienorenal)

  • Contains tail of pancreas
  • Contains splenic vessels

Gastrosplenic

  • Part of greater omentum
  • Contains short gastric vessels
  • Contains left gastro-omental vessels

Phrenicocolic:

  • Extends from Diaphragm to the Left Colic Flexure
  • Acts as a wedge for the inferior border
24
Q

What is the blood supply to the spleen

A

Splenic A

  • Largest br. of coeliac artery
  • Each segment of spleen has its own branch of supply

Splenic V

  • 5 or 6 tributaries form this
  • Joins SMV to form Portal V.
25
Q

What is the nerve supply to the spleen

A

Coeliac Plexus

26
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the spleen

A

Splenic nodes

Abdomen (10 decks)

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