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Abdomen > Anterolateral Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterolateral Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of Anterolateral Abdominal Wall

A

Superior:

  • Xiphoid Process
  • Costal Margins
  • Lower Ribs

Posterior:
-Vertebral Column

Inferior:
-Upper part of pelvic bones

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2
Q

Laters of Ant. Abd. Wall from superficial to deep

A 
Skin
Superficial Fascia
  -Campers (fatty)
  -Scarpa's (membranous)
Ant Abd. Wall muscles
Transversalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal Fascia
Parietal peritoneum
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3
Q

What is the Transversalis Fascia continuous with

A

pelvic fascia

diaphragmatic fasica

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4
Q

What is Camper’s Layer continuous with?

A

Superficial fascia of Thigh and Perineurium

ALSO:
Men:
–Continues over penis and scrotum (DARTOS FASCIA)
–No fat and fuses with Scarpa’s Layer

Women:

  • -Component of Labia Majora
  • -Retain fat but does fuse with Scarpa’s Layer
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5
Q

What does the Scarpa’s Layer attach to?

A 
Fascia Lata (Deep fascia of thigh)
Linea Alba 
Pubic Symphysis
Ischiopubic rami
Colles Fascia (superficial perineurial fascia)

Men:

  • -DARTOS FASCIA (along with Camper’s Layer)
  • -Fundiform Ligament of Penis

Women:
–Component of Labia Majora

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6
Q

Which two muscles are enclosed in the Rectus Sheath?

A

Rectus Abdominis

Pyramidalis

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7
Q

What does the Ext. Oblique aponeurosis form?

A

Anterior wall of Inguinal Canal (anterior part of Inguinal Lig.)

Lacunar Ligament

Medial and Lateral Crux along with the Intercrural Fibres forming the Superficial Inguinal Ring

External Spermatic Fascia

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8
Q

What does the Int. Oblique Aponeurosis form?

A

Cremaster Muscle (found between Ext and Int Spermatic Fascia) and the Cremasteric Fascia surrounding the muscle

Along with Transversus Abdominus, forms Conjoint Tendon (helping form roof of Inguinal Canal)

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9
Q

What are the attachments of the Ext. Oblique?

A

Origin:

  • Ribs 5-12
  • Fascia of Serratus Anterior and Latissimus Dorsi

Insertion:

  • Lateral Lip of Iliac Crest
  • Linea Alba
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10
Q

What are the attachments of the Int. Oblique?

A

Origin:

  • Thoracocolumbar Fascia
  • Ant 2/3 of Iliac Crest
  • Lateral 1/3 of Inguinal Ligament

Insertion:

  • Inferior border of 3 or 4 ribs
  • Linea Alba
  • Pubic Crest
  • Pecten Pubis
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11
Q

What are the attachments of the Transversus Abdominis?

A

Origin:

  • Thoracolumbar Fascia
  • Medial lip of Iliac Crest
  • Lateral 1/3 of Inguinal ligament

Insertion:

  • Linea Alba
  • Pubic Crest
  • Pecten Pubis
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12
Q

What are the attachments of the Rectus Abdominalis?

A

Origin:

  • Pubic Crest
  • Pubic Tubercle
  • Pubic Symphysis

Insertion:

  • Costal Cartilages of ribs 5-7
  • Xiphoid Process
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13
Q

What are the attachments of Pyramidalis?

A

Origin:

  • Front of Pubis
  • Pubic symphysis

Insertion:
-Linea Alba

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles of the Ant. Abdominal Wall?

A 
All muscles (except Pyramidalis):
--Anterior Rami of lower six or seven thoracic spinal nerves

But, Int. Obli. and Trans. Abd. supplied also by L1 (Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric N.)

Pyramidalis supplied by ant. ramus of T12

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15
Q

What forms the Rectus Sheath

A

Posterior to RA:

  • Post. div. of Int. Obl.
  • Trans. Abd.

Superficial to RA:

  • Ant. div. of Int. Obl.
  • Ext. Obl.

At Arcuate Line, at Umbilicus, Posterior RA disappears. All aponeurotic pass anterior to RA at this point.

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16
Q

What are the contents of the RA sheath?

A

Recus Abdominis and Pyramidalis Muscles
Superior and Inferior Epigastric Vessels
Terminal ends of T7-T12
Lymphatics

17
Q

What does the Transversalis Fascia form?

A

Entrance to Inguinal canal (deep ring)

Internal Spermatic Fascia

Ant. layer of thoracolumbar fascia

Fascia of Diaphragm

Iliac and Pelvic Fascia

18
Q

Explain the descent of the testes

A

1 - originate extraperitoneally

2 - descend, curve anteriolaterally and pierce layers of Ant. Abd. Wall

3 - Aquires all layers of ant. abdominal wall

4 - Invaginates into Processus Vaginalis (Transversalis Fascia ant. to head of testes)

5 - Processes Vaginalis deteriorates and forms Tunica Vaginalis (covers ant. and lat. wall of testes - not post.)

19
Q

What are the Arteries and Veins in the Ant. Abd. Wall

A 
Musculophrenic
Lower Intercostal (10 and 11)
Subcostal
Inferior Epigastric
Deep Circumflex Iliac
Superficial Circumflex Iliac
Superficial Epigastric

Make love, some insinuate doing stuff soon

20
Q

What are the Nerves in the Ant. Abd. Wall

A

T7 - T12
Lateral thoracic cutaneous
L1 (Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal)

21
Q

What is in each fold of Ant. Abd. Wall?

A

Median Umbilical Ligament:
Remnant of Urachus

Medial Umbilical Ligament:
Remnant of Umbilical Artery

Lateral Umbilical Ligament:
Inferior Epigastric Vessels

22
Q

What is the fossa lateral to each fold in the Ant. Abd. Wall?

A

Median Umbilical Lig.:
Supravesical Fossa

Medial Umbilical Lig.:
Medial Inguinal Fossa

Lateral Umbilical Lig.:
Lateral Inguinal Fossa

23
Q

What is the hernia associated with each fold in the Ant. Abd. Wall?

A

Median Umbilical Lig.:
Supravesical Hernia

Medial Umbilical Lig.:
Direct Inguinal Hernia

Lateral Umbilical Lig.:
Indirect Inguinal Hernia

Abdomen (10 decks)

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