Sm Intestine and Colon Pt 3 Flashcards
Inflammatory polyps in UC and CD
inflammatory pseudopolyps
just what is left after erosion
Hamartomatous polyp
rectal bleeding in children
non-neoplastic
left-sided
Hyperplastic polyps
most common polyp in adults, does not become adenocarcinoma
Adenomas become
carcinomas
Peutz-Jegher polyps
result of STK11 tumor suppressor gene loss of function
Peutz-Jegher syndrome
Adenoma vs dysplasia
adenoma: mass lesion
dysplasia: flat lesion
Sessile serrated polyps
dysplasia –> adenocarcinoma
resemble hyperplastic, but this one is dysplastic
FAP defect
APC tumor suppressor gene
inherit one, 2nd mutation is sporadic
FAP inheritance pattern
autosomal dominant
KRAS mutation screening of tumors purpose
if not mutated, then EGFR antibody can downregulate proliferation pathway
Risk of adenocarcinoma in FAP
100%
HNPCC/Lynch syndrome defect
mismatch repair defect
inherit 1 hit, other is acquired
ASA and NSAIDs
colorectal cancer
have protective effect against adenocarcinoma
Most common site of metastasis
adenocarcinoma of colon
liver
Apple-core sign on barium enema
left-sided colon cancer
Most small intestine adenocarcinoma is found in this area
ampulla of Vater
Most neuroendocrine tumors are found where?
ileum, jejunum
Carcinoid tumors aften found
singular/in multiple
in multiple 30% of time
Melanosis coli
dark color of colon from some laxatives
looks like necrotic bowel from infarction
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
pathology
appendiceal mucinous tumors
presence of abundant mucinous material on peritoneal surfac
Anal fissure
linear separation of tissues in anal canal
Anal carcinoma
from what type of cells
epithelial cells
Anal carcinoma
association
HPV 16 and 18
