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optom > slit lamp > Flashcards

slit lamp Flashcards

1
Q

how to focus slit lamp

A
  • rotate eyepieces all the way anticlockwise
  • place focussing rod in position
  • adjust slit to narrow beam
  • rotate each eyepiece at a time clockwise until in focus
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2
Q

when do we use diffuse?

A
  • to see the eye + the adnexa
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3
Q

how do we use diffuse?

A
  • diffuser setting
  • low mag (6/10)
  • wide beam
  • 45 degrees
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4
Q

3 types of direct illumination?

A
  • parallel-piped
  • optic section
  • concical beam
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5
Q

when do we use optic section?

A
  • to indicate depth of foreign objects in cornea
  • anterior chamber depth
  • and to localise nerve fibres, blood vessels infiltrates + cataracts
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6
Q

how do we set up optic section?

A
  • thin beam
  • low to high mag
  • varied angle of illumination
  • the narrower the angle, the deeper the section will be
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7
Q

when do we use parallel-piped?

A
  • to see surface of cornea for corneal damage, lipid deposit + punctate keratitis
  • corneal nerve fibres
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8
Q

how do we set up parallel-piped?

A
  • same as optic section but w a wider beam
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9
Q

when do we use conical beam?

A
  • to see inflammatory cells + flare in the anterior chamber
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10
Q

how do we set up conical beam?

A
  • circular beam
  • 45-60 degrees
  • medium mag
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11
Q

3 types of indirect illumination?

A
  • specular reflection
  • retro-illumination
  • sclerotic scatter
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12
Q

when do we use specular reflection?

A
  • to look at surface of crystalline lens
  • endothelium of cornea
  • and tear film (debris + flow)
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13
Q

how do we use specular reflection?

A
  • start w optic section
  • move illumination system until bright reflection is seen from corneal surface
  • angle of incidence equals angle of reflection
  • medium to high mag (25/40)
  • reduce angle to see deeper structures
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14
Q

when do we use retro illumination?

A
  • limbal blood vessels + corneal endothelium
  • to see microcysts
  • vacuoles
  • crystalline lens opacities
  • cls deposits
  • vacularisation
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15
Q

how do we use retro-illumination

A
  • wide beam (parallel-piped)
  • medium to high mag (24/40)
  • create v-shape w 2 beams + place under iris
  • to illuminate cornea
  • grey shadow beam should show any ghost vessels, if any
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16
Q

when do we use sclerotic scatter?

A
  • to see corneal opacities (scars)
  • corneal oedema
  • foreign bodies in cornea
17
Q

how do we use sclerotic scatter?

A
  • narrow beam on limbus
  • low mag (6/10)
  • 45 degrees
  • high brightness
18
Q

when do we use tangential

A
  • to view iris freckles
  • tumours
  • general integrity of cornea + iris
19
Q

how do we set up tangential?

A
  • illumination system at almost right angle to observation system
  • wide beam
  • low to medium mag (10/20)

optom (8 decks)

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