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Anatomy II > Slide notes- knee and foot > Flashcards

Slide notes- knee and foot Flashcards

1
Q

What does the lateral sural cutaneous nerve branch off of?

A

common peroneal nerve

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2
Q

what does the medial sural cutaneous nerve branch off of?

A

tibial nerve

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3
Q

what does the saphenous nerve branch off of?

A

femoral nerve

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4
Q

what does the superficial nerve branch off of?

A

common peroneal nerve

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5
Q

KNOW THE DERMATOMES OF THE LOWER LEG

A

slide 2

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6
Q

How many compartments are in the lower leg?

A

3; anterior, lateral, and posterior

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7
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment?

A

deep peroneal nerve

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8
Q

What is the path of the anterior tibial artery?

A

comes off the popliteal artery, passes thru the interosseous membrane, runs btwn the TA and EDL, branches into the anterior tibial recurrent artery and medial and lateral malleolar artery, and continues to the foot where it turns into the dorsalis pedis artery

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9
Q

What can be found in the anterior compartment?

A

anterior tibial artery

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10
Q

What is the lateral compartment innervated by?

A

superficial peroneal nerve

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11
Q

Where does the lateral compartment get its blood supply?

A

peroneal artery which comes off the posterior tibial artery

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12
Q

What branches off the peroneal artery?

A

posterior lateral malleolar artery

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13
Q

What innervates the posterior leg compartment?

A

tibial nerve

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14
Q

Where does the tibial nerve lie in the posterior leg compartment?

A

btwn the TP and FDL

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15
Q

what is the path of the tibial artery?

A

runs btwn the TP and FDL, then btwn the FDL and FHL tendons, turns into M and L plantar artery in the foot

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16
Q

What structures pass thru the flexor retnaculum?

A

Tom, Dick, ANd Harry, tibialis posterior tendon, tendon of flexor digitorum longus, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve, tendon of flexor hallucis longus

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17
Q

What structures pass thru the extensor retnaculum?

A

tendon of anterior tibialis, tendon of extensor hallucis longus, dorsalis pedis artery, deep peroneal (fibular) nerve, tendon of extensor digitorum longus, anterior lateral malleolar artery

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18
Q

What structures pass thru the posterior retnaculum?

A

peroneus longus tendon and peroneus brevis tendon

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19
Q

when the tibial nerve reaches the foot, what does it split into?

A

medial and lateral planter nerve

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20
Q

Where does the flexor hallucis longus tendon lie?

A

on the calcaneus

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21
Q

where does the Peroneus longus tendon lie?

A

on the cuboid

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22
Q

Where is the sustentaculum tali?

A

on the calcaneus

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23
Q

What muscle sits on the medial and lateral sesamoid bones?

A

flexor hallucis brevis

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24
Q

What position of the foot gives the most stability?

A

slightly dorsally flexed

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25
Q

What does the inferior tibiofibular joint do?

A

keep malleoli together, it makes a cup for the talus to sit

26
Q

What does the talocrural joint do?

A

dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

27
Q

What motion does the subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint do?

A

primarily inversion/eversion

28
Q

What does the midtarsal joint do?

A

augment inversion/eversion

29
Q

What is the dorsiflexion in the talocrural joint limited by?

A

neck of talus into tibia, ligaments, capsule, plantarflexors

30
Q

What is the plantarflexion in the talocrural joint limited by?

A

talus and tibia, ligaments, capsule, and dorsiflexors

31
Q

What is the ROM for dorsiflexion in the talocrural joint?

A

20 degrees for extreme motion

10 degrees for gait

32
Q

What is the ROM for plantarflexion in the talocrural joint?

A

60 degrees for extreme motion

20 degrees for gait

33
Q

Why is the subtalar joint important?

A

it absorbs the rotation of lower extremity and absorbs shock at heel strike

34
Q

What are the coupled motions for the subtalar joint for supination?

A

inversion/plantar felxion/add

35
Q

What are the coupled motions for the subtalar joint for pronatino?

A

eversion/dorsiflexion/abd

36
Q

What joints make up the transverse tarsal joint?

A

talonavicular joint and calcaneocuboid joint

37
Q

The motion of the transverse tarsal joint is dependent on what joint?

A

subtalar joint

38
Q

What are the ligaments of the lateral ankle?

A

anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular

39
Q

What are the ligaments of the posterior ankle?

A

calcaneofibular, posterior tibiofibular, posterior talocalcaneal

40
Q

What are the ligaments of the medial ankle?

A

deltoid ligament (posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal, tibionavicular, anterior tibiotalar)

41
Q

What do the medial ligaments of the ankle prevent?

A

eversion sprains

42
Q

What are the plantar ligaments?

A

Plantar calcaneonavicular, plantar cubidonavicular, long plantar, and short plantar, and deep transverse metatarsal ligaments

43
Q

What is another name for the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament?

A

Spring ligament

44
Q

What are the two arches of the foot called?

A

Longitudinal and transverse

45
Q

What can be found in the medial portion of the longitudinal arch?

A 
Calcaneus
Talus
Navicular
3 cuneiforms
1, 2, 3 metatarsals
46
Q

What can be found in the lateral portion if the longitudinal arch?

A

Calcaneus
Cuboid
4 and 5 metatarsal

47
Q

What can you find in the transverse arch?

A

Bases of metatarsals
Cuboid
3 cuneiforms

48
Q

What is needed in the maintenance of the transverse arch?

A 
Cuneiforms and bases of metatarsals
Deep transverse ligaments
Interossei
Plantar ligaments
Peroneus longus
Tibial is posterior
49
Q

What so the tendons of the arches do?

A

Prevent separation of the arches and provide support from above the level of the arch

50
Q

What do the arches rely on?

A

Shape of the bones and for the ligaments to interlock with each bone

51
Q

What is keystone for the medial longitudinal arch?

A

Talus

52
Q

What is keystone for the lateral longitudinal arch?

A

Cuboid

53
Q

What is in the medial longitudinal arch?

A 
Talus
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Plantar app neurosis
FHL
FHB
Peroneus longus
Tibialis ant and post
54
Q

What is in the lateral longitudinal arch?

A 
Cuboid
Long and short plantar ligaments
Plantar aponeurosis
FDL
FHL
Intrinsic muscles
55
Q

When does the anterior tibial artery turn into the dorsalis pedis artery?

A

Level of malleoli

56
Q

Where does the deep planar artery go?

A

To the plantar arch and the level of the first dorsal interosseus

57
Q

What does the arcuate artery branch into?

A

Dorsal metatarsal artery and dorsal digital artery

58
Q

What does be medial plantar nerve innervate?

A

1, 2, 3, and half of 4 digits

59
Q

What does the lateral plantar nerve innervate?

A

Half of 4 and 5 digits

60
Q

What two structures travel deep to the flexor Digitorum Brevis?

A

Lateral plantar artery and nerve

61
Q

The 3 plantar interossei attach to digits _, _ and _.

A

3/4/5

Anatomy II (6 decks)

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