Lower Extremity Structures Flashcards
0
Q
Pectineus distal attachment
A
pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter
1
Q
Pectineus proximal attachment
A
superior ramus of pubis
2
Q
Pectineus Innveration
A
Femoral nerve (L2,L3) may receive a branch from obturator nerve
3
Q
Pectineus action
A
adducts and flexes thigh, assists with medial rotation of thigh
4
Q
Illipsoas proximal attachment
A
sides of T12-L5 vertebre and discs between them. Transverse processes of all lumber vertebrae
5
Q
Illipsoas distal attachment
A
lesser trochanter of femur
6
Q
Illipsoas innervation
A
anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2,L3)
7
Q
Illipsoas action
A
act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint.
8
Q
Psoas Major proximal attachment
A
sides of T12-L5 vert. and discs between them; transverse processes of all lumbar vert.
9
Q
Psoas Major distal attachment
A
lesser trochanter of femur
10
Q
Psoas Major innervation
A
Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2,L3)
11
Q
Psoas Major action
A
act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint.
12
Q
Psoas Minor proximal attachment
A
sides of T12-L1 vert. and intervert. discs
13
Q
Psoas Minor distal attachment
A
pectineal line, illiopectineal eminence via illiopectineal arch
14
Q
Psoas Minor innervation
A
Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2)
15
Q
Psoas Minor action
A
act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint
16
Q
Illiacus proximal attachment
A
illiac crest, illiac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacroilliac ligaments
17
Q
Illiacus distal attachment
A
tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter and femur distal to it
18
Q
Illiacus innervation
A
Femoral nerve (L2,L3)
19
Q
Illiacus action
A
act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint.
20
Q
Sartorius proximal attachment
A
anterior superior illiac spine and superior part of notch inferior to it
21
Q
Sartorius distal attachment
A
superior part of medial surface of tibia
22
Q
Sartorius innervation
A
femoral nerve (L2,L3)
23
Q
Sartorius action
A
flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint, flexes leg at knee joint
24
Rectus Femoris proximal attachment
anterior inferior illiac spine and illium superior to acetabulum
25
Rectus Femoris distal attachment
common tendinous attachments to patella, patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.
26
Rectus Femoris innervation
Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)
27
Rectus Femoris action
extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris also steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh
28
Vastus Lateralis proximal attachment
greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
29
Vastus Lateralis distal attachment
common tendinous and independent attachments at patella
30
Vastus Lateralis innervation
Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
31
Vastus Lateralis action
extend leg at knee joint
32
Vastus Medialis proximal attachment
intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur
33
Vastus Medialis distal attachment
common tendinous and independent attachments at base of patella
34
Vastus Medialis innervation
Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
35
Vastus Medialis action
extend leg at knee joint
36
Vastus intermedius proximal attachment
anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
37
Vastus intermedius distal attachment
common tendinous and independent attachments to patella
38
Vastus intermedius innervation
femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)
39
Vastus intermedius action
extend leg at knee joint
40
Gluteus Maximus proximal attachment
illium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
41
Gluteus Maximus distal attachment
IT band, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity.
42
Gluteus Maximus innervation
inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,S2)
43
Gluteus Maximus action
extends thigh and assists in its lateral rotation; steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position.
44
Gluteus medius proximal attachment
external surface of ilium between anterior an posterior gluteal lines
45
Gluteus medius distal attachment
lateral greater trochanter
46
Gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L5,S1)
47
Gluteus medius action
abduct and medially rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite side during its swing phase.
48
Gluteus minimus proximal attachment
external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
49
Gluteus minimus distal attachment
anterior greater trochanter
50
Gluteus minimus innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,)
51
Gluteus Minimus action
abduct, medially rotate thigh; keep pelvis level
52
Tensor of fascia lata proximal attachment
ASIS and anterior part of iliac crest
53
Tensor of fascia lata distal attachment
IT Band, going down to lateral condyle of tibia
54
Tensor of fascia lata innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L5,S1)
55
Piriformis proximal attachment
anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament
56
Piriformis distal attachment
superior greater trochanter
57
Piriformis innervation
branches of anterior rami of S1, S2
58
Obturator internus proximal attachment
pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
59
Obturator internus distal attachment
medial surface greater trochanter
60
Obturator internus innervation
nerve to Obturator internus (L5,S1)
61
Obturator internus action
laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum.
62
Superior and inferior gamelli proximal attachment
Superior : ischial spine
| Inferior: ischial tuberosity
63
Superior and inferior gamelli distal attachment
medial greater trochanter
64
Superior and inferior gamelli innervation
Superior: nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
Inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)
65
Quadratus Femoris proximal attachment
lateral border of ischial tuberosity
66
Quadratus Femoris distal attachment
quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it.
67
Quadratus Femoris innervation
nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5,S1)
68
Quadratus Femoris action
laterally rotates thigh; steadies femoral head in acetabulum.
69
Adductor Longus proximal attachment
body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
70
Adductor Longus distal attachment
middle third of linea aspera of femur
71
Adductor Longus innervation
obturator nerve, branch of, anterior division (L2,L3,L4)
72
Adductor Longus action
adducts thigh
73
Adductor Brevis proximal attachment
body and inferior ramus of pubis
74
Adductor Brevis distal attachment
pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
75
Adductor Brevis innervation
obturator nerve, branch of, anterior division (L2,L3,L4)
76
Adductor Brevis action
adducts thigh; to some extent flexes it
77
Adductor Magnus proximal attachment
adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
hamstrings part: ischial tuberosity
78
Adductor Magnus distal attachment
adductor part:gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera
Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur
79
Adductor Magnus innervation
add part: Obturator nerve (L2,L3,L4)
Ham part: tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)
80
Adductor Magnus action
adducts thigh
add part: flexes thigh
ham part: extends thigh
81
Gracilis proximal attachment
body and inferior ramus of pubis
82
Gracilis distal attachment
superior part of medial surface of tibia
83
Gracilis innervation
obturator nerve (L2,L3)
84
Gracilis action
adducts thigh; flexes leg; helps rotate leg medially
85
Obturator Externus proximal attachment
margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
86
Obturator Externus distal attachment
trochanteric fossa of femur
87
Obturator Externus innervation
Obturator nerve (L3,L4)
88
Obturator Externus action
laterally rotates thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum
89
Semitendinosus proximal attachment
ischial tuberosity
90
Semitendinosus distal attachment
medial surface of superior part of tibia
91
Semitendinosus innervation
tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia (L5,S1,S2)
92
Semitendinosus action
extend thigh, flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed when thigh and leg are flexed, these muscles can extend trunk
93
Semimembranosus proximal attachment
ischial tuberosity
94
Semimembranosus distal attachment
posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament
95
Semimembranosus innervation
tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia (L5,S1,S2)
96
Semimembranosus action
flexes leg and rotates it medially when knee is flexed; extends thigh
97
Tibialis anterior proximal attachment
Lateral condyle and superior lateral half of tibia
98
Tibialis anterior distal attachment
Inferno medial base of cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
99
Tibialis anterior action
Dorsi flexion and inversion
100
Tibialis anterior innervation
Deep peroneal (L4,L5)
101
Extensor Digitorum proximal attachment
Lateral condyle of tibia, superior 3/4of medial fibula, interosseous membrane
102
Extensor Digitorum distal attachment
Middle and distal phalanges of last 4 digits
103
Extensor Digitorum action
Extends and dorsi flexes digits
104
Extensor Digitorum innervation
Deep peroneal (L5,S1)
105
Fibularis tertius proximal attachment
Inferior 1/3 of anterior fibula, IO membrane
106
Fibularis tertius distal attachment
Dorsal base of 5th metatarsal
107
Fibularis tertius action
Dorsiflexion, eversion, perception
108
Fibularis tertius innervation
Deep peroneal (L4,L5)
109
Extensor Hallucis Longus proximal attachment
Middle portion of anterior fibula, IO membrane
110
Extensor Hallucis Longus distal attachment
Dorsal base of distal great toe
111
Extensor Hallucis Longus action
Extend and dorsiflex great toe
112
Extensor Hallucis Longus innervation
Deep peroneal (L5,S1)
113
Fibularis Longus proximal attachment
Head and superolateral 2/3 of fibula
114
Fibularis Longus distal attachment
Dorsal base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
115
Fibularis Longus action
Everts foot, assists in weak plantar flexion, perception
116
Fibularis Longus innervation
Superficial peroneal (L5,S1,S2)
117
Fibularis Brevis proximal attachment
Inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula
118
Fibularis Brevis distal attachment
Lateral base of 5th metatarsal
119
Fibularis Brevis action
Everts foot, weak plantarflexion, perception
120
Fibularis Brevis Innervation
Superficial peroneal (L5,S1,S2)
121
Gastrocnemius proximal attachment
L: lateral surface of lateral condyle
M: politeal surface
122
Gastrocnemius distal attachment
Posterior calcaneus via CT
123
Gastrocnemius action
plantarflexion in knee extension. flexes leg at knee.
124
Gastrocnemius innervation
Tibial Nerve (S1,S2)
125
Soleus proximal attachment
posterior head of fibula; soleal line; medial border of tibia.
126
Soleus distal attachment
Posterior calcaneus via CT
127
Soleus action
Plantarflexion in knee flexion, regardless of knee position.
128
Soleus innervation
Tibial Nerve (S1,S2)
129
Plantaris proximal attachment
lateral supracondylar line of femur; oblique popliteal ligament.
130
Plantaris distal attachment
Posterior calcaneus via CT
131
Plantaris action
Weak plantar flexion
132
Plantaris innervation
Tibial Nerve (S1,S2)
133
Tibialis Posterior proximal attachment
IO membrane, posterior tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior fibula
134
Tibialis Posterior distal attachment
Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform & cuboid; base of 2nd 3rd and 4th metatarsals
135
Tibialis Posterior action
Plantarflexion and inversion of foot
136
Tibialis Posterior innervation
Tibial Nerve (L4,L5)
137
Flexor Digitorum Longus proximal attachment
posteromedial tibial inferior to soleal line
138
Flexor Digitorum Longus distal attachment
Base of distal phalanges of digits 2 through 5
139
Flexor Digitorum Longus action
Flexes toes, Plantarflexion in knee extension; supports longitudinal arch.
140
Flexor Digitorum Longus innervation
Tibial Nerve (S2,S3)
141
Flexor Hallucis Longus proximal attachment
Inferior 2/3 of posterior fibula, IO membrane
142
Flexor Hallucis Longus distal attachment
Base of distal phalanx of great toe
143
Flexor Hallucis Longus action
Flexes great toe, weak plantarflexion, supports longitudinal arch
144
Flexor Hallucis Longus innervation
Tibial Nerve (S2,S3)
145
Popliteus proximal attachment
Lateral surface of lateral condyle; lateral femur
146
Popliteus distal attachment
Superior soleal line; posterior surface of tibia
147
Popliteus action
Weak knee flexor; unlocks knee
148
Popliteus innervation
Tibial Nerve (L4,L5,S1)
149
Abductor Hallucis innervation
Medial Plantar Nerve
150
Flexor Digitorum Brevis innervation
Medial plantar Nerve
151
Adductor Digiti Minimi innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
152
Quadratus Plantae innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
153
1st Lumbrical innervation
Medial plantar nerve
154
2nd, 3rd & 4th Lumbrical innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
155
Flexor Hallucis Brevis innervation
Medial Plantar nerve
156
Adductor Hallucis (oblique and transverse head) innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
157
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
158
4 dorsal interossei innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
159
4 dorsal interossei fiber orientation is what type?
Bipennate
160
3 plantar interossei innervation
Lateral plantar nerve
161
3 lateral plantar interossei fiber orientation is what type?
Unipennate
