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Anatomy II > Lower Extremity Structures > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Structures Flashcards

0
Q

Pectineus distal attachment

A

pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

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1
Q

Pectineus proximal attachment

A

superior ramus of pubis

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2
Q

Pectineus Innveration

A

Femoral nerve (L2,L3) may receive a branch from obturator nerve

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3
Q

Pectineus action

A

adducts and flexes thigh, assists with medial rotation of thigh

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4
Q

Illipsoas proximal attachment

A

sides of T12-L5 vertebre and discs between them. Transverse processes of all lumber vertebrae

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5
Q

Illipsoas distal attachment

A

lesser trochanter of femur

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6
Q

Illipsoas innervation

A

anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2,L3)

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7
Q

Illipsoas action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint.

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8
Q

Psoas Major proximal attachment

A

sides of T12-L5 vert. and discs between them; transverse processes of all lumbar vert.

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9
Q

Psoas Major distal attachment

A

lesser trochanter of femur

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10
Q

Psoas Major innervation

A

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2,L3)

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11
Q

Psoas Major action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint.

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12
Q

Psoas Minor proximal attachment

A

sides of T12-L1 vert. and intervert. discs

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13
Q

Psoas Minor distal attachment

A

pectineal line, illiopectineal eminence via illiopectineal arch

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14
Q

Psoas Minor innervation

A

Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,L2)

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15
Q

Psoas Minor action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint

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16
Q

Illiacus proximal attachment

A

illiac crest, illiac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacroilliac ligaments

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17
Q

Illiacus distal attachment

A

tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter and femur distal to it

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18
Q

Illiacus innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2,L3)

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19
Q

Illiacus action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint.

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20
Q

Sartorius proximal attachment

A

anterior superior illiac spine and superior part of notch inferior to it

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21
Q

Sartorius distal attachment

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

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22
Q

Sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve (L2,L3)

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23
Q

Sartorius action

A

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint, flexes leg at knee joint

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24
Q

Rectus Femoris proximal attachment

A

anterior inferior illiac spine and illium superior to acetabulum

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25
Q

Rectus Femoris distal attachment

A

common tendinous attachments to patella, patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity.

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26
Q

Rectus Femoris innervation

A

Femoral Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

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27
Q

Rectus Femoris action

A

extend leg at knee joint; rectus femoris also steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

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28
Q

Vastus Lateralis proximal attachment

A

greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

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29
Q

Vastus Lateralis distal attachment

A

common tendinous and independent attachments at patella

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30
Q

Vastus Lateralis innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)

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31
Q

Vastus Lateralis action

A

extend leg at knee joint

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32
Q

Vastus Medialis proximal attachment

A

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur

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33
Q

Vastus Medialis distal attachment

A

common tendinous and independent attachments at base of patella

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34
Q

Vastus Medialis innervation

A

Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)

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35
Q

Vastus Medialis action

A

extend leg at knee joint

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36
Q

Vastus intermedius proximal attachment

A

anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

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37
Q

Vastus intermedius distal attachment

A

common tendinous and independent attachments to patella

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38
Q

Vastus intermedius innervation

A

femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4)

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39
Q

Vastus intermedius action

A

extend leg at knee joint

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40
Q

Gluteus Maximus proximal attachment

A

illium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

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41
Q

Gluteus Maximus distal attachment

A

IT band, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity.

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42
Q

Gluteus Maximus innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,S2)

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43
Q

Gluteus Maximus action

A

extends thigh and assists in its lateral rotation; steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position.

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44
Q

Gluteus medius proximal attachment

A

external surface of ilium between anterior an posterior gluteal lines

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45
Q

Gluteus medius distal attachment

A

lateral greater trochanter

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46
Q

Gluteus medius innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve (L5,S1)

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47
Q

Gluteus medius action

A

abduct and medially rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite side during its swing phase.

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48
Q

Gluteus minimus proximal attachment

A

external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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49
Q

Gluteus minimus distal attachment

A

anterior greater trochanter

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50
Q

Gluteus minimus innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,)

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51
Q

Gluteus Minimus action

A

abduct, medially rotate thigh; keep pelvis level

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52
Q

Tensor of fascia lata proximal attachment

A

ASIS and anterior part of iliac crest

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53
Q

Tensor of fascia lata distal attachment

A

IT Band, going down to lateral condyle of tibia

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54
Q

Tensor of fascia lata innervation

A

superior gluteal nerve (L5,S1)

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55
Q

Piriformis proximal attachment

A

anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament

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56
Q

Piriformis distal attachment

A

superior greater trochanter

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57
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

branches of anterior rami of S1, S2

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58
Q

Obturator internus proximal attachment

A

pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

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59
Q

Obturator internus distal attachment

A

medial surface greater trochanter

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60
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

nerve to Obturator internus (L5,S1)

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61
Q

Obturator internus action

A

laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum.

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62
Q

Superior and inferior gamelli proximal attachment

A

Superior : ischial spine

Inferior: ischial tuberosity

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63
Q

Superior and inferior gamelli distal attachment

A

medial greater trochanter

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64
Q

Superior and inferior gamelli innervation

A

Superior: nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1)
Inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1)

65
Q

Quadratus Femoris proximal attachment

A

lateral border of ischial tuberosity

66
Q

Quadratus Femoris distal attachment

A

quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it.

67
Q

Quadratus Femoris innervation

A

nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5,S1)

68
Q

Quadratus Femoris action

A

laterally rotates thigh; steadies femoral head in acetabulum.

69
Q

Adductor Longus proximal attachment

A

body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

70
Q

Adductor Longus distal attachment

A

middle third of linea aspera of femur

71
Q

Adductor Longus innervation

A

obturator nerve, branch of, anterior division (L2,L3,L4)

72
Q

Adductor Longus action

A

adducts thigh

73
Q

Adductor Brevis proximal attachment

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

74
Q

Adductor Brevis distal attachment

A

pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

75
Q

Adductor Brevis innervation

A

obturator nerve, branch of, anterior division (L2,L3,L4)

76
Q

Adductor Brevis action

A

adducts thigh; to some extent flexes it

77
Q

Adductor Magnus proximal attachment

A

adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium

hamstrings part: ischial tuberosity

78
Q

Adductor Magnus distal attachment

A

adductor part:gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera

Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur

79
Q

Adductor Magnus innervation

A

add part: Obturator nerve (L2,L3,L4)

Ham part: tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)

80
Q

Adductor Magnus action

A

adducts thigh

add part: flexes thigh
ham part: extends thigh

81
Q

Gracilis proximal attachment

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

82
Q

Gracilis distal attachment

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

83
Q

Gracilis innervation

A

obturator nerve (L2,L3)

84
Q

Gracilis action

A

adducts thigh; flexes leg; helps rotate leg medially

85
Q

Obturator Externus proximal attachment

A

margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

86
Q

Obturator Externus distal attachment

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

87
Q

Obturator Externus innervation

A

Obturator nerve (L3,L4)

88
Q

Obturator Externus action

A

laterally rotates thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum

89
Q

Semitendinosus proximal attachment

A

ischial tuberosity

90
Q

Semitendinosus distal attachment

A

medial surface of superior part of tibia

91
Q

Semitendinosus innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia (L5,S1,S2)

92
Q

Semitendinosus action

A

extend thigh, flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed when thigh and leg are flexed, these muscles can extend trunk

93
Q

Semimembranosus proximal attachment

A

ischial tuberosity

94
Q

Semimembranosus distal attachment

A

posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament

95
Q

Semimembranosus innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia (L5,S1,S2)

96
Q

Semimembranosus action

A

flexes leg and rotates it medially when knee is flexed; extends thigh

97
Q

Tibialis anterior proximal attachment

A

Lateral condyle and superior lateral half of tibia

98
Q

Tibialis anterior distal attachment

A

Inferno medial base of cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

99
Q

Tibialis anterior action

A

Dorsi flexion and inversion

100
Q

Tibialis anterior innervation

A

Deep peroneal (L4,L5)

101
Q

Extensor Digitorum proximal attachment

A

Lateral condyle of tibia, superior 3/4of medial fibula, interosseous membrane

102
Q

Extensor Digitorum distal attachment

A

Middle and distal phalanges of last 4 digits

103
Q

Extensor Digitorum action

A

Extends and dorsi flexes digits

104
Q

Extensor Digitorum innervation

A

Deep peroneal (L5,S1)

105
Q

Fibularis tertius proximal attachment

A

Inferior 1/3 of anterior fibula, IO membrane

106
Q

Fibularis tertius distal attachment

A

Dorsal base of 5th metatarsal

107
Q

Fibularis tertius action

A

Dorsiflexion, eversion, perception

108
Q

Fibularis tertius innervation

A

Deep peroneal (L4,L5)

109
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus proximal attachment

A

Middle portion of anterior fibula, IO membrane

110
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus distal attachment

A

Dorsal base of distal great toe

111
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus action

A

Extend and dorsiflex great toe

112
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus innervation

A

Deep peroneal (L5,S1)

113
Q

Fibularis Longus proximal attachment

A

Head and superolateral 2/3 of fibula

114
Q

Fibularis Longus distal attachment

A

Dorsal base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

115
Q

Fibularis Longus action

A

Everts foot, assists in weak plantar flexion, perception

116
Q

Fibularis Longus innervation

A

Superficial peroneal (L5,S1,S2)

117
Q

Fibularis Brevis proximal attachment

A

Inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula

118
Q

Fibularis Brevis distal attachment

A

Lateral base of 5th metatarsal

119
Q

Fibularis Brevis action

A

Everts foot, weak plantarflexion, perception

120
Q

Fibularis Brevis Innervation

A

Superficial peroneal (L5,S1,S2)

121
Q

Gastrocnemius proximal attachment

A

L: lateral surface of lateral condyle
M: politeal surface

122
Q

Gastrocnemius distal attachment

A

Posterior calcaneus via CT

123
Q

Gastrocnemius action

A

plantarflexion in knee extension. flexes leg at knee.

124
Q

Gastrocnemius innervation

A

Tibial Nerve (S1,S2)

125
Q

Soleus proximal attachment

A

posterior head of fibula; soleal line; medial border of tibia.

126
Q

Soleus distal attachment

A

Posterior calcaneus via CT

127
Q

Soleus action

A

Plantarflexion in knee flexion, regardless of knee position.

128
Q

Soleus innervation

A

Tibial Nerve (S1,S2)

129
Q

Plantaris proximal attachment

A

lateral supracondylar line of femur; oblique popliteal ligament.

130
Q

Plantaris distal attachment

A

Posterior calcaneus via CT

131
Q

Plantaris action

A

Weak plantar flexion

132
Q

Plantaris innervation

A

Tibial Nerve (S1,S2)

133
Q

Tibialis Posterior proximal attachment

A

IO membrane, posterior tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior fibula

134
Q

Tibialis Posterior distal attachment

A

Tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform & cuboid; base of 2nd 3rd and 4th metatarsals

135
Q

Tibialis Posterior action

A

Plantarflexion and inversion of foot

136
Q

Tibialis Posterior innervation

A

Tibial Nerve (L4,L5)

137
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus proximal attachment

A

posteromedial tibial inferior to soleal line

138
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus distal attachment

A

Base of distal phalanges of digits 2 through 5

139
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus action

A

Flexes toes, Plantarflexion in knee extension; supports longitudinal arch.

140
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus innervation

A

Tibial Nerve (S2,S3)

141
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus proximal attachment

A

Inferior 2/3 of posterior fibula, IO membrane

142
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus distal attachment

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

143
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus action

A

Flexes great toe, weak plantarflexion, supports longitudinal arch

144
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus innervation

A

Tibial Nerve (S2,S3)

145
Q

Popliteus proximal attachment

A

Lateral surface of lateral condyle; lateral femur

146
Q

Popliteus distal attachment

A

Superior soleal line; posterior surface of tibia

147
Q

Popliteus action

A

Weak knee flexor; unlocks knee

148
Q

Popliteus innervation

A

Tibial Nerve (L4,L5,S1)

149
Q

Abductor Hallucis innervation

A

Medial Plantar Nerve

150
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis innervation

A

Medial plantar Nerve

151
Q

Adductor Digiti Minimi innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

152
Q

Quadratus Plantae innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

153
Q

1st Lumbrical innervation

A

Medial plantar nerve

154
Q

2nd, 3rd & 4th Lumbrical innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

155
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis innervation

A

Medial Plantar nerve

156
Q

Adductor Hallucis (oblique and transverse head) innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

157
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

158
Q

4 dorsal interossei innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

159
Q

4 dorsal interossei fiber orientation is what type?

160
Q

3 plantar interossei innervation

A

Lateral plantar nerve

161
Q

3 lateral plantar interossei fiber orientation is what type?

A

Unipennate

Anatomy II (6 decks)

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