Slide 3- Gender Stratification Flashcards
What is the difference between sex and gender
Sex: Male and female; biologically based differences between men and women [ reproductive and chromosomal functions
Ex. Vagina
Gender: Masculinity and Feminity; personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being a male/female
Ex. Appearance, behaviours, preferences, social roles
What is Gender role socialization
It is a major force in understanding how gender relations work
What are some scripts that boys and girls are programed to do through a process of subtle or explicit sanctions or rewards
Girls
* Should be modest; if they have partners they are sluts
- Girls should be aggressive or they’re bitches
Four types of gender socialization in our community
- Gender socialization in the family
[pink versus blue worlds - Gender within Peer groups
Girls - engage in less competitive games
[Hopscotch] - Gender within school
Gender within children’s literature - Gender and the Media
men centre stages as fearless, skilled and smart in movies
How many types of gender inequality are there
there are four types of gender inequality
Patriarchy
gender hegemony
hegemonic masculinity
hegemonic feminity
What is patriarchy
It is a form of social organization where men have more authority than women
What is Gender Hegemony
It is the ideological domination by males over others
[ to the point where an alternative cannot be imagined]
Hegemonic Feminity
The form of feminity typically matched to stereotypical behaviours and attitudes
[ Ex. Being emotional, caring, nurturing, emphasized feminine look]
what is the second shift/ double burden
women do more housework, childcare and eldercare, resulting in less leisure time
what is the second shift/ double burden? - costs of women
women do more housework, childcare and eldercare, resulting in less leisure time
what is the second shift/ double burden? - the cost of women
women do more housework, childcare and eldercare, resulting in less leisure time
Glass ceiling effect - the cost of women
women’s limited potential to move up
Glass escalator effect - cost of women
the male nurse quickly move into an administrative role
nurse is female dominant and yet there are more males in higher positions
Glass escalator effect - the cost of women
the male nurse quickly move into an administrative role
nurse is female dominant and yet there are more males in higher positions
What are some consequences of gender stratification on men
higher rates of suicide, accidental deaths, violence, stress-related diseases
Why are men more likely to get hurt according to gender stratification
men are encouraged to partake in high-risk behaviors
Why are men more likely to get hurt according to gender stratification
men are encouraged to partake in high-risk behaviours
Why are men more likely to get hurt according to gender stratification?
men are encouraged to partake in high-risk behaviours
What is the definition of sexual orientation
Preferences in romantic/sexual partners; not directly mapped onto sex or gender
What is the definition of Heteronomativity
The assumption that heterosexuality is a universal norm, making homosexuality invisible or ‘abnormal’
what is the definition of Homophobia
Irrational fear or hatred of homosexuality
What is the definition of transphobia
irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against transgender people
What is the definition of transphobia?
irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against transgender people
Who is Talcott Parsons
Argued that males posses instrumental character traits [rationality and goal attainment] while females displace expressive character traits [emotional communication and interaction with others]
