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Nursing > Sleep-test 2 > Flashcards

Sleep-test 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Sleep deprivation outcomes

A

Difficult to concentrate, focus, and make judgements

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1
Q

Sleep is important for _________ and __________ health

A

Physical and emotional

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2
Q

Sleep is necessary for _______ and ________

A

Healing and growth

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3
Q

If you don’t get enough sleep you will gain or lose weight?

A

Gain weight

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4
Q

What is the state of being mentally relaxed free of anxiety and physically calm

A

Rest

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5
Q

What can being confined to a bed do?

A

Increase anxiety

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6
Q

If you get less than ____ hours of sleep a night you will have a higher BMI

A

6 hours

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7
Q

If you are sleep deprived how many hours does it take to show cognitive changes?

A

24 hours

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8
Q

What are some measurements you could implement to promote rest

A

Comfortable position, shut door to hallway, cluster your care, turn down lights

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9
Q

What is the sleep-wake cycle controlled by

A

Nervous system

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10
Q

What is Circadian Rhythms

A

24 hour day/night cycle

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11
Q

How are circadian rhythms synchronized?

A

By environmental light and dark periods

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12
Q

Bright light early in the morning=?

A

Sleep-wake rhythm to earlier

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13
Q

Bight light late in evening=?

A

Sleep-wake rhythm to later

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14
Q

What type of people have free running circadian rhythms

A
  • people in ICU (lights on no windows)

* blind people (no light stimulation)

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15
Q

Most can transition from sleep to wake in ____ to ______ minutes

A

10 to 20 minutes

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16
Q

75-80% of sleep time is what type of sleep

A

NREM

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17
Q

What are the 3 stages of NREM

A

Stage 1- transition from being awake to being asleep, 10-20 min transition, easily aroused

Stage 2- decreased HR, sound sleep, decreased body temperature, 10-25 min

Stage 3- deep sleep, 20-40 minutes, deepest sleep of NREM

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18
Q

Deepest sleep of NREM

A

Stage 3

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19
Q

What is REM sleep important for

A

Memory

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20
Q

What often does REM sleep occur

A

3 to 4 times a night

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21
Q

What % of sleep time is REM

A

20% to 25% of sleep time

22
Q

What part of sleep is when you have most vivid dreams

A

REM

23
Q

When do most heart attacks happen

A

Toward early morning

24
Q

Insomnia is experience by ___ in ____ adults

A

1 in 3 adults

25
Q

How long must you have symptoms to be diagnosed with acute insomnia

A

Symptoms for at least 3 nights/wk over a 2 week period

26
Q

How long must you have symptoms of insomnia to be diagnosed with chronic insomnia

A

Nighttime and daytime symptoms for 1 month or longer

27
Q

What is insomnia aggravated by

A

Inadequate sleep hygiene

28
Q

What ways can chronic insomnia be classified

A

Primary (idiopathic): lifelong difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep, resulting in poor daytime functioning

Secondary: insomnia due to a psychiatric illness, a medical condition, medications, or substance abuse.

29
Q

What is frequent awakening called

A

Fragmented sleep

30
Q

How is insomnia diagnosed

A

Through self report, actigraphy (a small watch that is worn and records movement), polysomnography (sleep lab)

31
Q

What is the first line of therapy for treatment of insomnia

A

Cognitive behavior

32
Q

What kind of foods should be avoided when taking sleep medications

A

Avoid High-fat foods will affect absorption

33
Q

What are the best kind of questions to ask some one to get information

A

Open-ended therapeutic communication

34
Q

What age groups is narcolepsy most common in

A

Adolescents and 30 yr olds

35
Q

What is the cause of narcolepsy

A

Brains inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally

36
Q

What are the two categories of narcolepsy

A

With and without cataplexy

Cataplexy- sudden loss of skeletal muscle tone

37
Q

Drugs used to manage narcolepsy

A

Amphetamine - like stimulants to relieve excessive daytime sleepiness
Antidepressant drug therapy to control cataplexy

38
Q

Jet lag disorder is considered to be what type of disorder

A

Circadian rhythm disorder

39
Q

What can be used to treat jet lag

A

Melatonin and exposure to daylight assist in synchronization of body clock

40
Q

What is obstructive sleep apnea

A

Partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep . Apneic period may include hypoxemia and hypercapnia

41
Q

Who is obstructive sleep apnea most common in

A

Smokers and obese

42
Q

What is a big symptom of obstructive sleep apnea

A

Snoring

43
Q

What are used to manage mild sleep apnea

A 
Sleeping on side
Elevating HOB
Avoiding sedatives and alcohol 3 to 4 hrs before sleep
Weight loss*****
Oral appliance
44
Q

What can be used to manage severe sleep apnea

A

CPAP (continuous)
BiPAP (pressure to open up then lower pressure to exhale against)
Surgery (try to take out excess tissue in throat)

45
Q

What is a CPAP machine

A

Continuous flow for sleep apnea

Keeps tissues in throat open

46
Q

What does Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (RLS) cause?

A

Poor sleep quality

47
Q

What is Periodic Limb Movement Disorder ?

A

Involuntary continual movement of the legs/arms that affects individuals during sleep

48
Q

What is enuresis

A

Bed wetting

49
Q

What is older age associated with when it comes to sleep

A
  • Overall shorter sleep time
  • Decreased sleep efficiency
  • More awakenings
  • Insomnia Sx that typically occur with depression, heart disease, pain, and cognitive problems
50
Q

What are some considerations for drug therapy for sleep with older adults

A

Avoid long acting benzodiazepines
Hypnotics should be used briefly
Start drugs at a lower dose and monitor carefully

51
Q

What are parasomnias

A

Unusual and often undesirable behaviors that occur with sleep or during arousal from sleep

52
Q

What are examples of parasomnias

A

Enuresis, hallucinations, eating, sleepwalking,sleep tremors, and nightmares

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