Sleep Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

How much time do we spend sleeping?

A

a third of our lives!

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2
Q

What percentage of the population report sleeping difficulties?

A

47%

35% occasional and 12% regular

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3
Q

True or false; animals will die faster of sleep deprivation than food deprivation

A

true

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4
Q

What percentage of hospital patients with behavioral problems suffer from sleep disturbances?

A

80%!

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5
Q

What are the two main part sof sleep?

A

REM sleep

Non-REM sleep

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6
Q

What is REM sleep for in general?

A

restoring the brain

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7
Q

What if non-REM sleep for in general?

A

restoring bones and muscles

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8
Q

what are the stages of non-REM stages?

A

stage 1
stage 2
slow wave stage (the new 3 and 4)

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9
Q

Describe stage 1

A

it’s the transition form wakefulness to sleep

also called twilight sleep

people will say they were awake

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10
Q

Describe stage 2

A

bridge from stage 1 to slow wave

EEG tracings of sleep spindles with K complexes in response to arousal

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11
Q

Describe what happens in slow wave sleep?

A
  1. restorative to bone san dmuscles
  2. consistent breathing pattern
  3. stable blood pressure - about 10% lower than during the day (dipping)
  4. most difficult to awaken from
  5. parasomnias occur
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12
Q

What are parasomnias

A

bedwetting
sleep walking
sleep talking

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13
Q

WHat happens to BP and breathing during REM?

A

they fluctuate highly

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14
Q

What else happens in REM?

A

dreaming and erection

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15
Q

True or flase: REM is the hardest state to awaken from.

A

false - it’s actually the easiest to awaken from

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16
Q

What is the clinical issue between sleep and impotence?

A

if they can’t get into REM, so they don’t get that erection and don’t get that restorative help

17
Q

How long do sleep cycles typically last

A

about every 90 minutes

18
Q

How do the stages differ based on the times of the night?

A

more slow wave early in the night

more REM at the end of th enight

19
Q

Although REM is easy to wave someone up out of, when do most awakenings occur?

A

during lighter stages

20
Q

What’s the average sleep an adult needs?

A

7.5 hours to FUNCTION, but we’re all different

and wouldn’t you want to feel great and not just good?

21
Q

What amount of sleep do kids typically need?

A

minimum of 9, but 10-11 is better

22
Q

What stage of sleep do kids have more of?

A

slow wave sleep

because they’re growing!!!

23
Q

Why do circadian shifts occur in adolescence?

A

it’s a hormonal thing that happens during puberty - they won’t be able to fall asleep until midnight, but they still need the 9-10 hours of sleep

it’s society that makes that bad

24
Q

What happens to sleep in the elderly?

A

need about 8 hours

they have decreased slow wave sleep

have more fragmented sleep and wake up ealier feeling fine, but they typically star to need naps in the afternoon

25
Q

True or false: napping is bad for your sleep architecture overall.

A

false - if you can’t get a full 8 hours in the night but you can nap, nap.

26
Q

Which directly effects the other - exercise or sleep?

A

sleep has a a direct effect on exercise

exercise can improve sleep, but it may take a while

27
Q

Will alcohol help you sleep?

A

it will help you fall asleep quicker, but it causes more awakenings during the night, so harms sleep overall

can also increase snoring and sleep apnea because it relaxes the airway