Sleep, Intelligence, Memory Flashcards
What is the most likely reason infants spend more hours in REM sleep than adults do?
A. Infants are learning much more new material and require REM sleep to consolidate it.
B. Infants are beginning to perceive color, which requires more REM sleep.
C. Infants never enter REM sleep.
D. Lack of REM sleep is fatal to infants.
A. Infants are learning much more new material and require REM sleep to consolidate it.
What sleep pattern would be expected of study participants the first night after the study?
A. Non-REM participants would begin REM sleep sooner than REM participants would.
B. Non-REM participants would remain in stage 1 sleep longer than REM participants would.
C. Non-REM participants would delay onset of REM as they had the previous night.
D. Non-REM participants would demonstrate more delta waves than is typical for them.
A. Non-REM participants would begin REM sleep sooner than REM participants would.
If some of the REM sleep study participants began to shift their sleep cycle weeks prior to the study in order to prepare for their role as subjects, which type of socialization were they acting out?
A. Anticipatory socialization
B. Secondary socialization
C. Resocialization
D. Primary socialization
A. Anticipatory socialization
Slow wave sleep is comprised of which of the following?
A. Stage 1 and stage 2
B. Stage 2 and stage 3
C. Stage 3 and stage 4
D. Stage 4 and REM
C. Stage 3 and stage 4
Which stage of sleep shows an EEG with theta waves, K-complexes, and sleep spindles?
A. Stage 1
B. Stage 2
C. Stage 3
D. REM
B. Stage 2
A patient is admitted to the ER. He is responsive to written and spoken commands, seems to comply, and gestures to indicate ideas but is unable to offer verbal replies. He most likely has damage to his:
A. Ossicles
B. Broca’s area
C. Prefrontal cortex
D. Wernicke’s area
B. Broca’s area
Considering how an individual makes use of her abilities, such as her current work and her ability to adapt to her weaknesses, rather than focusing on the individual’s IQ scores, represents what view of intelligence assessment?
A. Structuralism
B. Functionalism
C. Multiculturalism
D. Heuristic assessment
B. Functionalism
Functionalism emphasizes how abilities manifest in an individual’s life and adapt in the individual’s environment.
The encoding of short-term memories into long-term memories is most associated with which brain structure?
A. Amygdala
B. Thalamus
C. Hippocampus
D. Cerebellum
C. Hippocampus
What type of memory appears to be intact in the subject of the case-study?
A. Anterograde, but not retrograde
B. Retrograde, but not anterograde
C. Both retrograde and anterograde
D. Neither retrograde nor anterograde
B. Retrograde, but not anterograde
Retrograde - old memory preventing new info processing
anterograde amnesia - new memory processing causes forgetting of older memory
anterograde memory - remembering new things
The results of cholinergic agonists used in the treatment of AD suggests what type of neural process is most directly inhibited in brains affected by the disease?
A. Neural pruning
B. Neural conditioning
C. Neuroplasticity
D. Neural networking
C. Neuroplasticity
As stated in the second paragraph, drugs which increase acetylcholine are not an effective in treatment of AD. This may be due to permanent changes in the brain, implying the brain is unable to repair and/or create new neural connections (a process called neuroplasticity).
What best describes the relationship between symbols and language?
A. Symbols can result in group socialization; language allows for both group socialization and individual socialization.
B. Symbols help sustain continuity of a culture; language can be interpreted and reinterpreted over time.
C. Symbols carry shared meaning in a culture; language constitutes a subcategory of symbols which is a set of representations that conveys meaning about the world.
D. Symbols are a subcategory of language which, unlike language, are only understood by certain members of a culture.
C. Symbols carry shared meaning in a culture; language constitutes a subcategory of symbols which is a set of representations that conveys meaning about the world.
Which of the following are examples of demographic transitions in Thompson’s demographic transitions model?
I. Immigrants from a poorer country enter a richer country in large numbers.
II. Lower birthrates and lower mortality in a country over time result in the percentage of elderly citizens increasing, and the percentage of young citizens decreasing.
III. Members of a minority ethnic group flee their homeland on a large scale to avoid persecution by the ethnic majority.
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II only
D. I, II and III
B. II only
A person with a very visible bruise on his hand worries that it will lead to worse blood circulation, and possibly loss of hand function. After some time passes and the bruise remains, he finds that he is unable to move his hand more than a little, even though tests show his blood circulation in his hand and arm is normal and no other medical causes are detected explaining the person’s loss of hand function. What best characterizes this person’s condition?
A. Body dysmorphic disorder
B. Generalized anxiety disorder
C. Conversion disorder
D. Hypochondriasis
C. Conversion disorder
