Sleep-Insomnia Flashcards
transient sleep
Non-REM 1
light sleep
Non-REM 2
deeper sleep; longer at the beginning of the sleep cycle
Non-REM 3
deep sleep; gets longer as the night progresses (towards end of sleep)
REM 4
what are the 2 stages of sleep classified as
non-REM and REM
how many cycles do we typically have a night
5-6
how many hours should adults get of sleep
7-8hrs
how many hrs of sleep should teenagers get a night
10hrs
who can handle sleep deprivation better
adults
what regulates the sleep-wake cycle and regulates secretion of melatonin
reticular activating system (RAS)
what is the body clock triggered by light
circadian rhythm (hypothalamus)
what age is there a decrease in N3 and REM sleep
middle age
middle age has ______ awakenings, ______, and phase _________
increased; arousals; advancement
what decreases as we age
sleep efficiency (amount of time of sleep/ time in bed)
difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep and waking up feeling unrefreshed
insomnia
what are the 7 causes of insomnia
- Psych
- medical illness
- stress
- medications
- substances
- environmental
- exercise
what are risk factors of insomnia
women higher risk than men increasing age depression/anxiety low income travel
what assessments can be done for pt with insomnia
have pt track sleep (2 week diary) how did the pt feel the next day how was their sleep environment pittsburgh sleep quality test epworth sleepiness scale
what are treatments of insomnia
cognitive behavioral therapy
therapist
medication
for insomnia you should ____ the ______ cause first
treat; underlying
what are over the counter medications a pt with insomnia can take
benadryl (diphenhydramine)
Unisom ( doxylamine succinate)
what develops quickly with short term management of sleep insomnias
tolerance
melatonin mimics the body’s natural production of hormone and what surpasses melatonin secretion
light
what prescriptions are given for pt with insomnia
sedative-hypnotic
benzodiazepines
loss of neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness and appetite
narcolepsy
what is the neuropeptide that is lost in narcolepsy
hypocretin (orexin)
narcolepsy is also known as destruction of the cells that produce
hypocretin
what happens with narcolepsy
fragmented sleep may or may not go into REM wake with bad nightmares night terrors sleep walking sleep paralysis
caused by a strong emotion or laughter and can cause an attack (protruding tongue to full body collapse)
cataplexy (can happen with narcolepsy)
how can a pt that has narcolepsy be hungry
signals for sleep associated with signals for hunger can over lap and a side effect of this is obesity
what is the treatment for narcolepsy
at least 8 hrs of sleep a night
limiting alcohol
napping during day
medications
what are the IOM recommendations for nurse fatigue
no more than 12 hours a day in a 24 hour period
limit to 60 hrs in a 7 day period
who is at risk for nurse fatigue
the pt and the nurse themselve
if a nurse is awake for 17 hours this equals same cognition as a blood alcohol level of
0.5
if a nurse is awake for 24 hours this equals same cognition as a blood alcohol level of
0.10
what are DO’S to avoid nurse fatigue
- take at least one break with addition of lunch break
- use caffeine therapeutically to stay awake
- good nutrition (complex carbs and protein)
- exercise
what are DONT’s to help nurse fatigue
drinking alcohol because its a depressant
