Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
autoimmune disease that affects the CNS
multiple sclerosis
what are the damaged areas known as
plaques and lesions
how are nerves to conduct electrical impulses to and from the brain destroyed?
when myelin or the nerve fiber is destroyed or damaged
what can be affected by MS
visual sensory coordination and balance bowel, bladder, sexual cognitive
is there a definitive dx test for MS
NO!
what is important when dx patient (what should be looked at first)
hx, clinical manifestations and results of tests (all other possible dx have to be ruled out first)
what shows plaques, inflammation and destruction
an MRI of the brain and spinal cord
what shows an increase in immunoglobulin G and the presence of oligoclonal banding
CSF
to be dx with MS a patient must have evidence of at least ___ inflammatory demyelinating lessons in at least __ different locations within the CNS, and damage or an attack occurring at different times __ month or more apart,
2; 2; 1
what are the 4 treatments for MS (disease modifying)
immunomodulators
immunosuppressants
sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator
Monoclonal Antibody
what medication is the only one to help pt get back to walking
fingolimoid (Phosphate receptor modulator)
what are the 5 treatments for MS (symptom management)
corticosteroids cholinergics anticholinergics muscle relaxants nerve conduction enhancer
what are most helpful to treat acute exacerbations of ms
corticosteroids
how do corticosteroids help ms
they work by reducing edema and acute inflammation at the site of demyelination
what medication is used to improve walking speed in ms patients
dalfampridine (nerve conduction enhancer)
