Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 4 > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

ligaments connect

A

bone to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tendons connect

A

muscle to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

injury to a ligament, surrounding the joint and is caused by wrenching or twisting

A

sprain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 3 classifications of a sprain

A 
1st= mild, only mild tear, tender and mild swelling
2nd= moderate or partial disruption of tissue, with more swelling, tenderness and bruising
3rd= severe, complete tear of ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

excessive stretching of a muscle, its fascial sheeth, or tendon (mostly occurs in button, quads, hammies, calf)

A

strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 3 classifications of a strain

A 
1st= mild, slightly pulled
2nd= moderately torn muscle
3rd= severely torn or ruptured muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how can you tell if a tendon is ruptured

A

seeing the muscle rolling up under skin- pain and aggravated with use, local inflammatory process, degree of loss of movement, edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what can we teach a pt about preventing sprains and strains

A

warm up, stretching exercises, start gradually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what intervention can we do for strains and sprains

A

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

disruption or break in the continuity of the structure of the bone

A

fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a complete fracture

A

break is completely through the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is an incomplete fracture

A

bone is still in one piece

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a displaced fracture

A

two ends separated from one another (not in alignment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a non displaced fracture

A

periosteum is intact and bone is aligned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what should you do if you suspect a fracture

A

IMMOBILIZE to be safe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is purpose of traction

A

prevent or decrease pain and muscle spasm
immobilize joint
reduce fracture of dislocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pulling force to attain realignment- counteraction plus in opposite direction

A

traction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how much weight is applied to skin traction

A

5-10lbs

19
Q

what type of traction is long term pull to maintain alignment

A

skeletal traction

20
Q

how much weight is applied for skeletal traction

A

5-45lbs

21
Q

what are complications of skeletal traction

A

infection, immobility, malunion

22
Q

a cast typically incorporates joints _____ and _____ fractures so theres no ____ and _____ movement

A

above and below; muscle and tendon

23
Q

how would you immobilize the lower extremity

A

elevate above heart
dont place in dependent position
oserve for compartment syndrome

24
Q

what should you not do when you have a cast on

A

don’t pull padding out, don’t keep plastic covering on it, don’t stick anything inside cast to itch

25
Q

what is the main assesment to do on these patients

A

neurovascular assessment

six P’s

26
Q

if you suspect a patient has compartment syndrome what should you NOT do

A

dont elevatate, and don’t apply ice

27
Q

compartment syndrome can also cause

A

rhabdo myolysis (breakdown of muscle precipitates into renal tubules and injures kidneys)

28
Q

if nothing relieves pressure from compartment syndrome then what is done

A

fasciotomy (left open to get swelling to go away)

29
Q

what could happen if the post op patient is inactive, don’t not wear anti embolism socks, and does not do ROM exercises

A

a DVT could occur

30
Q

who are more prone to hip fx

A

women due to osteoporosis

31
Q

a dislocation is

A

popped out of place

32
Q

a subluxation is

A

partial or incomplete dislocation

33
Q

a dislocation and a subluxation should be

A

emergently reduced and immobilized

34
Q

how will a total hip or hip dislocation be immobilized

A

using an abduction pillow (trying to limit movement of the hip and knee (above and below))

35
Q

why do most people get an amputation

A

happens because of peripheral vascular disease (seen in diabetics)

36
Q

what do you not want to do to a pt stump after amputation

A

do NOT elevate by pillow because blood flow is not getting to area and hip will freeze in that position

37
Q

what are the risk factors for osteoarthritis

A

age, estrogen reduction at menopause, obesity, injury, frequent kneeling and stooping, smoking, genetic

38
Q

osteoarthritis is a ____ inflammatory disease that happens in the JOINT caused by repeated ____ or repeated ______

A

non inflammatory; use/movement

39
Q

if you have injury to a joint will you most likely have OA in that joint as you age

A

YES

40
Q

what are clinical madifestations of OA

A

pain with movement but relieved by rest

joint deformities

41
Q

if someone is having gait problems and if they have had an injury a long time ago what should you measure

A

length of their legs

42
Q

what are diagnostic studies for OA

A

bone scan, CT, MRI (early joint changes)

X-ray

43
Q

what nursing assessment should be done on OA pt

A

joint pain and stiffness
ask how much it impairs ADL
capare to opposite side
pain management practices

44
Q

what health promotion could you implement for people with OA

A 
weight loss
exercise 
don't take medication stronger than tylenol or aspirin
proper body mechanics
nutrition
clean floors
assistive devices

Module 4 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions