Sleep Disorders

Question 1

where does the suprachiasmatic nucleus receive direct input?

Answer 1

retina

Question 2

what does the SCN control secretion of?

Answer 2

melatonin

Question 3

what are two types of sleep?

Answer 3

NREM and REM

Question 4

how many stages of NREM?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

what is sleep cycle order?

Answer 5

NREM 1,2,3,4 then REM

Question 6

does REM increase or decrease through the night?

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

NREM 1 is what wave?

Answer 7

theta

Question 8

NREM 2 has what on EEG/

Answer 8

sleep spindles and K complexes

Question 9

NREM 3 is what wave?

Answer 9

delta

Question 10

REM sleep is what wave?

Answer 10

beta wave

Question 11

what happens in NREM 3?

Answer 11

sleepwalking/night terrors/bed wetting

Question 12

what happens in REM?

Answer 12

muscle tone loss..dreams

Question 13

awake with eyes closed has what waves?

Answer 13

alpha waves

Question 14

totally awake has what waves?

Answer 14

beta waves

Question 15

what is most common sleep disorder?

Answer 15

insomnia

Question 16

how long must you have difficulty staying or falling asleep for insomni?

Answer 16

over 1 month

Question 17

what are three common comorbidities with insomnia?

Answer 17

mood disorders
anxiety
pain

Question 18

what happens in narcolepsy?

Answer 18

drop into REM sleep during wakefulness

Question 19

what are the four main features of narcolepsy?

Answer 19

excess sleepiness, cataplexy
sleep paralysis
hypnogogic hallucination

Question 20

what is sleep paralysis?

Answer 20

mind awake but unable to move

Question 21

what is at onset of sleep study in narcolepsy?

Answer 21

REM sleep

Question 22

what is restless leg syndrome?

Answer 22

urge to move legs with uncomfortable crawling sensations

Question 23

when does RLS most commonly occur?

Answer 23

evening at night

Question 24

what is RLS treated with?

Answer 24

dopamine agonist

Question 25

what is RLS associated with?

Answer 25

iron deficiency anemia

Question 26

what happens in the REM sleep disorder

Answer 26

loss of normal skeletal muscle atonia...

Question 27

what does person do in REM sleep behavior disorder since they lost their normal skeletal muscle atonia?

Answer 27

they act out dreams

Question 28

when do night terrors occur in sleep?

Answer 28

stage 3/4

Question 29

who gets night terrors

Answer 29

children

Question 30

how long do night terrors last?

Answer 30

10 minutes

Question 31

what is a night terror?

Answer 31

unexplained bouts of terror/fear about 70 minutes into sleep

Question 32

can you awake a child having night terror?

Answer 32

no

Question 33

when does sleep wlalking occur in sleep?

Answer 33

stage 3/4

Question 34

who gets sleep walking?

Answer 34

children mainly

Question 35

do you have memor/y of sleep walking

Answer 35

no you dont

Question 36

what is bruxism?

Answer 36

grinding of the teeth during sleep

Question 37

when does bruxism occur?

Answer 37

during sleep

Question 38

if problem is getting to sleep, what do we give for Rx?

Answer 38

a hypnotic

Question 39

if problem is getting to sleep, what do we give for Rx?

Answer 39

a hypnotic

Question 40

what are the three long acting Benzos?

Answer 40

temazepam lorazepam diazepam

Question 41

what are the four short acting benzos?

Answer 41

Alprazolam Triazolam Oxazepam Midazolam

Question 42

what three benzos to give with liver failure?

Answer 42

Lorazepam Oxazepam Temazepam

Question 43

what is antidote of benzo?

Answer 43

flumazenil

Question 44

name the Z drugs

Answer 44

zolpidem eszopiclone zalpelon

Question 45

what is MoA of Z drugs?

Answer 45

bind to GABA a1 receptor that modulates sleep

Question 46

what are Z drugs antidote?

Answer 46

flumazenil too

Question 47

what is MoA of remelteon?

Answer 47

activated maltonin receptors in the suprhiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus

Question 48

what is ramelteon used for?

Answer 48

insomnia rx

Question 49

what is MoA of suvoxerant?

Answer 49

orexin receptor antagonist

Question 50

what is suvoxerant contraindicated in?

Answer 50

liver disease, narcolepsy

Question 51

what are the anti depressants commonly used for sedation side effect profile?

Answer 51

TCA and trazodone