Sleep Deprivation

Question 1

sleep deprivation

Answer 1

• not getting the amount of sleep required

- may involve partial or total loss of sleep

Question 2

sleep debt

Answer 2

• the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get

Question 3

three factor affecting the amount of sleep required

Answer 3

• age
• genetics
• lifestyle

Question 4

Age as a factor affect the amount of sleep required

Answer 4

• total amount of sleep needed decreases with age
• adolescents have a sleep debt due to delayed sleep time and sleep requirement (9-10 hours)
• elderly people need less sleep
• children and babies require more
• adults 7-8 hours

Question 5

Genetics as a factor affecting the amount of sleep required

Answer 5

• influences sleep/wake cycle
• sets predispositions
• sleep patterns
• amount of sleep required
• disorders:
  Apnoea
  Fatal familial Insomnia

Question 6

Lifestyle as a factor affecting the amount of sleep required

Answer 6

• sleep routines change as responsibilities and relationship change
• work:
  long hours
  shift work
  sedentary
• social:
  teenage hours
  siesta
• Diet/drugs:
  caffeine
  alcohol
  eating late in the evening
• stress

Question 7

sleep wake cycle

Answer 7

• bodies are attuned to a sleep/wake cycle that revolves around night and day
• this cycle is a circadian rhythm determined by an internal body clock

Question 8

what happens to our body clock without environmental cues?

Answer 8

• body clock moves to a 24.2-25 hour cycle
• meaning our natural sleep/wake cycle is longer than 24 hours
• therefore easier to fall asleep earlier than later

Question 9

Total sleep Deprivation

Answer 9

• going without sleep for an entire 24 hours
• may occur just for one night or several
• can lead to serious consequences

Question 10

Partial sleep deprivation

Answer 10

• having some sleep in a 24 hour period
• not enough to meet needs
• may occur just for one night or several nights
• can lead to serious consequences

Question 11

melatonin

Answer 11

• hormone produced by the SCN
• induces sleepiness
• increased secretion in the night

Question 12

Cortisol

Answer 12

• hormone produced by the SCN
• increase secretion in the day
• encourages alertness and arousal

Question 13

Hat phenomenon

Answer 13

• feeling of tightening around the head
• as though a hat too small is being worn
• occurs after a period of four days of partial/total sleep deprivation

Question 14

to change sleep habits

Answer 14

• must be patient and persistent

- permanent after a period of four weeks

Question 15

Sleep recovery methods: micro-sleeps

Answer 15

• brief involuntary period of sleep in the midst of wakeful activity
• due to sleep deprivation
  required for survival
• can be dangerous depending on activity/environment

Question 16

sleep recovery methods: Rem Rebound

Answer 16

• an effect that follows a loss of REM sleep
• significantly larger amount of rem sleep
• dream intensity increases