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Cognitive Neuroscience > Sleep & Biological Rythyms > Flashcards

Sleep & Biological Rythyms Flashcards

1
Q

Beta

A

Irregular pattern that occurs during alert attentiveness and active thinking (arousal)

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2
Q

Theta

A

Intermittent slow wave pattern during slow wave and REM sleep

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3
Q

Delta

A

Regular, synchronous pattern during deepest stage of slow wave sleep

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4
Q

Stage 1

A

Transition from wakefulness to sleep (~10 minutes)

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5
Q

Stage 2

A

Sleep characterized by irregular wave patterns of theta activity, sleep spindles, and K complexes (~15 minutes)

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6
Q

Stage 3 & 4

A

Slow wave sleep; increased delta activity during this deepest sleep

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7
Q

REM sleep

A

Increased irregular wave activity during which dreaming occurs (characterized by muscle paralysis & rapid eye movements)

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8
Q

Adenosine

A

Neuromodulator produced as a result of metabolism of glycogen (brains fuel), has inhibitory effects, causing an increase in delta waves and ultimately sleep, blocked by caffeine

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9
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Increases cortical activity; facilitates REM sleep

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10
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Promotes arousal; plays a role in controlling REM sleep

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11
Q

Serotonin

A

Increases cortical activity and locomotion

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12
Q

Histamine

A

Promotes wakefulness; antihistamine medications can create drowsiness

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13
Q

Orexin (hypocretin)

A

Excitatory, promise wakefulness; active during wakefulness, inactive during sleep

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14
Q

Ventrolateral Preoptic Area (vIPOA)

A

Key role in inducing sleep; activity of these neurons causes inhibition of areas in brain responsible for cortical activity and arousal

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15
Q

Insomnia

A

difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep resulting in feelings of being unrested

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16
Q

Sleep apnea

A

Cessation of breathing while sleeping

17
Q

Narcolepsy

A

Sleep attacks
Cataplexy (paralysis while conscious)
Sleep paralysis (paralysis just before or after sleep)
Hypnagogic hallucinations (dreaming before falling asleep, paralyzed as well)

18
Q

Alpha

A

Regular pattern that occurs during quiet resting (relaxation)

Cognitive Neuroscience (9 decks)

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