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Fundamentals NUR 220 > Sleep and Rest > Flashcards

Sleep and Rest Flashcards

1
Q

rest

A

state of decreased activity resulting in refreshed feeling

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2
Q

sleep

A

state of rest accompanied by altered level of consciousness

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3
Q

decreased sleep affects

A

physical and psychological health

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4
Q

you need ______ sleep

A

unfragmented

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5
Q

unfragmented sleep leads to

A

increased energy
better immune function
concentration
removes brain toxins

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6
Q

NREM

A

non rapid eye movement

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7
Q

how many stages of NREM

A

1-4

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8
Q

NREM stage 1

A

transition stage between wake and sleep
*very light and easy to arouse
*5% of sleep

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9
Q

NREM stage 2

A

light sleep
*50% of sleep

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10
Q

NREM stage 3

A

deeper sleep
*10% of sleep

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11
Q

NREM stage 4

A

deep sleep state (delta sleep)
*10% of sleep

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12
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movement

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13
Q

how much of sleep is NREM

A

75%

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14
Q

how much of sleep is REM

A

20-25%

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15
Q

what happens to vitals during REM sleep

A

P: increase
RR: increase
BP: increase
T: increase
Metabolic Rate: increase

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16
Q

what does REM decrease

A

skeletal muscle tone
deep tendon reflexes

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17
Q

what happens during REM

A

dreams!

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18
Q

how long does REM last

A

5-45 minutes

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19
Q

deep sleep and REM are important _____

A

restorative functions

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20
Q

restorative functions of deep sleep

A

growth
physical renewal
hormonal regulation

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21
Q

restorative functions of REM

A

brain
-storing memories
-learning
-mood

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22
Q

how long of deep sleep to feel rested

A

1 - 1/2 hours

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23
Q

what stage do we go in and out of REM

A

2

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24
Q

adults need how much sleep

A

7-9 hours

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25
Q

older adults need how much sleep

A

6-7 hours

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26
Q

what stage is absent or decreased in older adults

A

4
and REM

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27
Q

sleep difficulties in older adults

A

falling asleep
staying asleep (wake up often)
decreased time in deep sleep

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28
Q

5 illnesses associated with sleep disturbances

A

GERD
coronary artery disease
epilepsy
liver failure and encephalitis
end stage renal disease

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29
Q

why does GERD have sleep disturbances

A

increased gastric secretions during REM

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30
Q

why does coronary artery disease have sleep disturbances

A

angina increased in REM

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31
Q

why does epilepsy have sleep disturbances

A

increased seizures in NREM

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32
Q

why does liver failure and encephalitis have sleep disturbances

A

total disruption of sleep wake cycle

33
Q

why does end stage renal disease have sleep disturbances

A

disturbed sleep
increased day time sleep

34
Q

what are environmental factors that affect sleep in acute care settings

A

noises
lights
best sleep in own home
sleep trouble in new environments = decreased REM and NREM

35
Q

psychological stressors affecting sleep

A

hospital and illness can decrease sleep and increase anxiety

36
Q

meds that impact sleep

A

diuretics
asthma

37
Q

caffeine is a ____

A

CNS stimulant

38
Q

alcohol toxicity affects

A

REM sleep

39
Q

nicotine has a

A

stimulant effect

40
Q

why do obese people have difficulty sleeping

A

hormonal regulation
appetite of feeling satiated

41
Q

dyssomnias

A

anything causing difficulty falling asleep/staying asleep/excessive daytime sleep

42
Q

what are some sleep disorders/dyssomnias

A

insomnia
sleep related breathing disorders
narcolepsy
circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders

43
Q

insomnia

A

difficulty fall asleep
intermittent sleep
early wakefulness
*most common sleep disorder

44
Q

risk for insomnia

A

older than 60
women after menopause
depression
night shift workers

45
Q

acute insomnia

A

brief and due to life circumstances
*usually one time

46
Q

meds that lead to insomnia

A

antihypertensive
ADD
OTC cold and allergy

47
Q

insomnia treatment

A

behavior modification
meds
education

48
Q

what is behavior modification

A

sleep rituals

49
Q

med that treats insomnia

A

muscle relaxants

50
Q

insomnia education

A

no napping
no exercise within 3 hours of sleep
only sleep when tired

51
Q

chronic insomnia

A

3 times a week for 3 months

52
Q

OSA

A

obstructive sleep apnea

53
Q

OSA caused by

A

obesity
anatomical probs

54
Q

OSA signs and symptoms

A

excessive daytime sleepiness
snoring
abnorm sleep study

55
Q

OSA stay in what stage of sleep

A

1 and 2

56
Q

what is an abmorm sleep study

A

polysomnography
*diagnoses sleep disorders by recording brain waves, oxygen in blood, heart rate, and breathing

57
Q

OSA treatment

A

weight reduction
CPAP
BiPAP

58
Q

CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure
*delivers pressure to keep airway open, difficulty exhaling

59
Q

BiPAP

A

biphasic positive airway pressure
*set with inspiratory pressure and cycle with exhalation

60
Q

sleep apnea affects of sleep

A

increase Co2
*wake up to catch breath and never get to REM

61
Q

narcolepsy

A

uncontrolled desire to sleep

62
Q

signs and symptoms of narcolepsy

A

sleep attacks
cataplexy (strong laughter/emotion causing sudden unconsciousness- full body paralysis)
nightmares
hallucinations
sleep onset REM

63
Q

narcolepsy go to what type of sleep

A

REM

64
Q

narcolepsy treatment

A

ritalin

65
Q

who might have misalignment of circadian rhythm and sleep wake cycle

A

shift work
jet lag

66
Q

parasomnias

A

pattern of wakeful behavior appearing during REM/NREM

67
Q

somnambulism

A

sleep walking

68
Q

sleep terrors

A

deep stages of sleep and wake up screaming

69
Q

nightmares

A

frightening dream

70
Q

bruxism

A

grinding of teeth when asleep
*stress indicator

71
Q

enuresis

A

nocturnal bed wetting during deep sleep

72
Q

sleep related movement disorder

A

restless leg syndrome

73
Q

what is restless leg syndrome

A

unpleasant creeping/crawling/tingling sensations in legs while sleeping

74
Q

treatment for restless leg syndrome

A

walking
massage
stretching

75
Q

caffeine, nicotine, alcohol increase or decrease restless leg syndrome

A

increase

76
Q

promote restful environment

A

room dark
wrinkle free linens
comfortable temp
close door

77
Q

promote bedtime ritual

A

stimulate at day
warm shower
read
pray
music

78
Q

what should we offer before bedtime as a snack

A

carbs and protein
decrease fluids

79
Q

hour of sleep is

A

10 pm

Fundamentals NUR 220 (21 decks)

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