Bowels

Question 1

what factors can slow bowels

Answer 1

meds (narcotics- constipation)
anesthesia
diagnostic tests
stress

Question 2

what do you chart for stool

Answer 2

occurrences
volume
color
odor
consistency
shape

Question 3

what meds cause diarrhea

Answer 3

antibiotics
opioids

Question 4

recommended fiber intake

Answer 4

25-30 g

Question 5

recommended fluid intake

Answer 5

2-3L

Question 6

how does surgery and anesthesia affect bowels

Answer 6

stops peristalsis
*can cause small bowel obstruction

Question 7

stools with cystic fibrosis

Answer 7

fatty and foul smelling

Question 8

why is flatus important

Answer 8

tells us bowels are moving

Question 9

amount for stool culture and sensitivity

Answer 9

1 inch or 15-30 mL

Question 10

what is guaiac

Answer 10

occult (hidden, cant be seen) blood

Question 11

before an occult test, pt must limit

Answer 11

red meat

Question 12

direct visualization examples

Answer 12

colonoscopy
sigmoidoscopy
wireless capsule

Question 13

indirect visualization examples

Answer 13

barium enema
barium swallow
CT
ultrasound

Question 14

in occult blood what color is positive

Answer 14

blue

Question 15

what color is an Upper GI bleed

Answer 15

dark black
coffee grounds
tarry

Question 16

what color is a lower GI bleed

Answer 16

bright red

Question 17

when doing rectal exams how should pt be positioned

Answer 17

left side lying

Question 18

what do we give someone going through barium

Answer 18

fluids and laxatives
*barium hardens

Question 19

constipation

Answer 19

dry hard stool that is hard to pass

Question 20

impaction

Answer 20

hard immovable mass of stool

Question 21

what does fecal impaction cause

Answer 21

increased pressure in colon-
causes necrosis and ulceration/perforation

Question 22

diarrhea

Answer 22

liquid stool from food passing through intestines rapidly before water is absorbed
*supportive (gets pathogens out)

Question 23

good colon prep

Answer 23

significant suctioning

Question 24

fair prep

Answer 24

semi solid stool

Question 25

poor prep

Answer 25

<90% of mucosa seen and cannot be suctioned

Question 26

hemorrhoids

Answer 26

distended veins in rectal folds bright red bleeding

Question 27

small bowel obstruction

Answer 27

stoppage of peristalsis

Question 28

bulk forming laxatives Metamucil

Answer 28

bulks stool which causes peristalsis or propulsion

Question 29

stool softeners Colace

Answer 29

pulls liquid into stool to help it pass

Question 30

stimulant laxatives Dulcolax

Answer 30

causes peristalsis by irritating bowel wall *causes pain and cramping

Question 31

tell tale sign impaction is high up in GI

Answer 31

fluid from rectum bc only liquid can get around impaction

Question 32

3 things to help treat constipation

Answer 32

fluid fiber stool softener

Question 33

DONT do digital disimpaction on

Answer 33

cardiac pts

Question 34

digital disimpaction requirements

Answer 34

left side lying rectum only double glove lubricant

Question 35

enema

Answer 35

liquid through tube into bowel

Question 36

what temp do we want enema

Answer 36

room temp

Question 37

stop enema if

Answer 37

pt complains of cramping

Question 38

tap water normal saline soap suds enema amount

Answer 38

500-1000 mL

Question 39

fleets hypertonic enema amount

Answer 39

70-130 mL

Question 40

oil retention enema amount

Answer 40

150-200 mL

Question 41

tap water and normal saline enema action

Answer 41

distends intestines increases peristalsis softens stools

Question 42

soap suds enema action

Answer 42

distends intestine irritates intestinal mucosa softens stools

Question 43

fleets hypertonic enema action

Answer 43

distends intestine irritates intestinal mucosa

Question 44

oil retention enema action

Answer 44

lubricates stool and intestinal mucosa

Question 45

bowel perforation is often

Answer 45

fatal

Question 46

two causes of bowel perforation

Answer 46

fecal impaction enemas

Question 47

stool in the sigmoid colostomy

Answer 47

solid

Question 48

stool in the ascending colostomy

Answer 48

partially liquid

Question 49

stool in the descending colostomy

Answer 49

formed and soft

Question 50

stool in the transverse colostomy

Answer 50

soft and pasty

Question 51

stool in the ileostomy

Answer 51

liquid

Question 52

stoma should be what color

Answer 52

beefy red

Question 53

second leading cause of cancer deaths

Answer 53

colorectal cancer *40% more common in men

Question 54

why is stool culture first step in diarrhea treatment

Answer 54

bc if bacteria is causing it we dont want to stop diarrhea

Question 55

stoma bag diet

Answer 55

increase fiber (grains, oats, veggies) decrease gas causing foods (beans, alcohol, beer, cabbage, brussels)