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923 > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of sleep

A

Physical restoration, memory and learning

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2
Q

Where is sleep regulated? What hormones?

A

Brainstem and hypothalamus / GABA and acetylcholine

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3
Q

Circadian rhythm Latin meaning

A

around a day

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4
Q

SCN functions in sleep

A

Signals other parts of brain controlling hormones, body temperature, and other functions that make us feel sleepy or awake

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5
Q

What percent of sleep is in stage 1, 2, 3, 4, and REM?

A

2-5%, 45-55%, 3-8%, 10-15%, 20-25%

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6
Q

About how often do we switch between REM and non-REM?

A

90 minutes

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7
Q

Normal sleep latency

A

10-15 minutes

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8
Q

Normal sleep need

A

5-10 hours

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9
Q

Five reasons why we need sleep

A
  1. critical determinant of health and well-being 2. basic requirement for development 3. support immune system 4. Support metabolism of glucose 5. Improve productivity and performance
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10
Q

Two major results of inadequate sleep

A

mood changes and reduces productivity / increases chance for mishaps

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11
Q

Sleep for 1. infants 2. toddlers 3. preschoolers 4. school age 5. teenagers 6. adults

A
  1. 12-18 hours 2. 12-14 hours 3. 11-13 hours 4. 10-11 hours 5. 7-9 hours
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12
Q

What percent of US adults report insufficient sleep at least 15 out of 30 days?

A

25%

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13
Q

How many Americans have a chronic sleep disorder?

A

40 million Americans

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14
Q

How many Americans have occasional sleep problems?

A

20 million Americans

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15
Q

Most common sleep complaint of US

A

insomnia

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16
Q

Inability to concentrate or maintain sleep, early morning awakening, inability to resume sleep

A

insomnia

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17
Q

Excessive daytime sleeping

A

Narcolepsy

18
Q

Unpleasant “creeping” sensation originating in lower legs

A

Restless leg syndrome

19
Q

Characterized by gasping, snorting, sleep interruption resulting in daytime drowsiness

A

Sleep apnea

20
Q

Insomnia with no underlying cause

A

Primary insomnia

21
Q

Insomnia with an underlying cause

A

Secondary insomnia

22
Q

Transient (<4 weeks) insomnia and resolves without treatment

A

Acute or episodic insomnia

23
Q

Insomnia lasting > 1 month

A

Chronic insomnia

24
Q

How many patients are affected by narcolepsy?

A

250,000 patients

25
Q

How long are narcolepsy sleep attacks?

A

several seconds to 30 minutes

26
Q

What causes narcolepsy?

A

Hereditary or associated brain damage or neurological disease

27
Q

How do you treat narcolepsy?

A

Antidepressants, stimulates, daytime naps

28
Q

How many people are affected by RLS?

A

12 million

29
Q

Who is most often affected by RLS?

A

elderly

30
Q

How many people are affected by sleep apnea?

A

18 million Americans

31
Q

Most undiagnosed sleep condition

A

sleep apnea

32
Q

Physiological characteristics of sleep apnea

A

windpipe collapses when muscle relaxes during sleep, lasts 10-60 seconds

33
Q

What percent of KY adults reported not getting enough sleep more than half of the days in a month?

A

34.90%

34
Q

What percent of fatal crashes involve drowsy drivers?

A

15-33%

35
Q

What percent of people surveyed reported to falling asleep while driving at least once in past 30 days?

A

4.20%

36
Q

For transient insomnia, how long should hypnotics be used?

A

7-10 days

37
Q

For chronic insomnia, how should hypnotics be used?

A

Use hypnotics intermittently and for short periods (<3 weeks)

38
Q

What are a few OTC sleep aids?

A

Antihistamines and doxylamine

39
Q

For what sleeping disorders could melatonin be used?

A

Circadian rhythm sleeping disorders or

40
Q

For what could benzadiazepines be used?

A

Short-term treatment of insomnia

41
Q

For what age population can non-benzadiazepines be used?

A

<18 years

923 (5 decks)

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