Sleep Flashcards
Nightmares occur during what phase of sleep?
REM sleep (note: more REM sleep occurs during the final third of the night, so nightmares are often in the early morning hours)
How does sleep change as we age?
The continuity and depth of sleep decreases as we age –> specifically wakefulness increases, stage 1 sleep increases, and stages 3 and 4 decrease
What is the preferred study when suspicion is raised for sleep-related breathing disorders, narcolepsy, other central hypersomnias, or seizures during sleep?
Polysomnogram
Sleep terrors usually begin in children at what ages?
4-12 years old
At what ages is the peak prevalence of sleep walking?
Ages 8-12
What stage of sleep does sleep walking occur?
NREM
How should parents manage sleep walking?
DO NOT attempt to awaken or restrain the child, unless they are in danger of harm
1) What sleep stage occupies the longest portion of the total sleep episode in children ages 3 to 12? 2) What is seen on EEG during this stage? 3) What do vitals show?
1) Stage 2 (approx 50%)
2) Sleep spindles and K complexes
3) DECREASED temperature, blood pressure, and respiratory rate
1) How much time does stage 3 of sleep occupy in a total sleep episode in children ages 3 to 12?
2) What is seen on EEG during this phase?
1) 20-25%
2) Slow-wave/delta waves on EEG
1) How much time does the REM stage sleep occupy in a total sleep episode in children ages 3 to 12?
2) What is seen on EEG during this phase?
3) What can be observed in the body and on vital signs?
4) Any notable experiences during this phase?
1) 20-25%
2) EEG resembles wake time
3) SKELETAL muscle is atonic, INCREASED respiratory rate/heart rate/blood pressure
4) Dreams (dreams also occur in NREM sleep but are mundane)
1) How much time does stage 1 of sleep occupy in a total sleep episode in children ages 3 to 12?
2) What is seen on EEG during this phase?
1) 5% total sleep time
2) Alpha and theta waves
