Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Child Board Review > Psychopathology > Flashcards

Psychopathology Flashcards

1
Q

What two disorders are often co-morbid with tic disorders?

A

ADHD (60-70% of tic patients), OCD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What factor is strongly indicated in preventing long-term mental health problems in children exposed to disasters/trauma?

A

Minimal separation of children and parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does the rate of psychopathology among individuals with intellectual disability compare to the general population?

A

Rates are 4x higher than general population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is diagnosing psychiatric disorder in individuals with intellectual disability difficult?

A

Diagnostic overshadowing (clinician may mistakenly attribute patient’s psychiatric/medical symptoms to sequela of intellectual disability)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Important step in evaluation for ODD

A

Screen for co-morbid conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is central coherence impacted in ASD?

A

Individuals with ASD have WEAK central coherence (poorly integrate information into meaningful wholes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What genetic syndrome has the highest rate of co-morbid Autism?

A

Tuberous Sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rate of intellectual disability in the general population

A

1-3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common non-genetic form of intellectual disability?

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In addition to exposure to violent media in childhood, what factors (2) of violent media can contribute to later violence/aggression in young adulthoood?

A

1) How realistic the violence is
2) Identification with the aggressive characters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does the prevalence of intellectual disability differ between males and females?

A

Males are more likely to be diagnosed than females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What percentage of individuals with intellectual disability have no identifiable cause?

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the prevalence of MDD in children vs adolescents?

A

2% in children and increases to 4-8% after puberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Compared to adults, how does MDD usually manifest in children (6)?

A

Irritability, poor frustration tolerance, temper tantrums, somatic complaints, hallucinations, and social withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What percentage of children and adolescents have subsyndromal symptoms of MDD?

A

5-10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do nightmares usually present in children with PTSD?

A

Children with PTSD may have nightmares of monsters and other generalized threats rather than the traumatic event itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What would differentiate factitious disorder from conversion disorder (functional neurologic symptom disorder)?

A

The diagnosis of factitious disorder requires objective identification of illness falsification behaviors and evidence of deception, rather than inference about intent or possible underlying motivation

18
Q

What percentage of individuals with intellectual disability (ID) suffer from Pica?

A

20-25%

19
Q

What is an important initial approach when treating Pica?

A

Screening for and treating any mineral deficiencies (or co-morbid conditions)

20
Q

What are the three core symptom clusters of PTSD in children?

A

1) Re-experiencing
2) Hyperaousal
3) Avoidance

21
Q

What disorder is most commonly co-occuring with Body Dysmorphic Disorder?

A

MDD (usually occurs AFTER the development of BDD)

22
Q

What is the general, natural course of Tourette’s syndrome?

A
  • Peaks at age 8-12 yo
  • Declines during adolescence
  • Resolves by age 18 yo in 50% of patients
  • In remaining 40-45% –> tics may persist into adulthood, but gradually diminish over time
23
Q

What is the prevalence of Tourette’s in males vs females

A

4 (males) to 1 (females)

24
Q

Approximately half of children with childhood-onset schizophrenia have a history of what?

A

Speech, language, and/or motor delays

25
Q

TRUE/FALSE: Children with childhood-onset schizophrenia usually do not have any pre-existing mental health history

A

FALSE: Approximately 50% of those with childhood-onset schizophrenia have been previously diagnosed with other disorders (such as pervasive developmental disorder, ADHD, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety)

26
Q

TRUE/FALSE: Children with childhood-onset schizophrenia usually struggle with academic performance and social skills before the onset of psychosis symptoms become apparent

A

TRUE

27
Q

What behavior most commonly precedes a suicide attempt in adolescents?

A

Discussing suicidal thoughts with friends

28
Q

What percentage of patients with intellectual disability fit DSM-5 criteria for mild severity?

A

78%

29
Q

What is the top three causes of death in adolescents (15-19 yo)?

A

Unintentional injury
Homicide
Suicide

30
Q

What is the top three causes of death in children ages 10-14 years old?

A

Unintentional injury
Suicide/Intentional self-injury
Cancer

31
Q

What percentage of children presenting with an INITIAL depressive episode will have their depression resolve spontaneously?

A

40%

32
Q

How does the timeline of pediatric depressive episodes differ from adults?

A

Pediatric episodes are more chronic (up to 7 months)

33
Q

What form of child maltreatment confers the highest risk of the child eventually attempting suicide?

A

Sexual abuse (10x higher)  abuse by closer relatives also tends to carry a poorer prognosis

34
Q

What is the prevalence of developmental disorders among children in the U.S?

A

17%

35
Q

What quality of presentation is predictive of a future hypomanic episode in adolescents and young adults?

A

Atypical depression

36
Q

What term refers to the inability to recall a specific category of information including all memories related to one’s family or a specific person?

A

Systematized amnesia

37
Q

What are the three (3) pathognomonic facial dysmorphisms seen in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?

A

1) Small palpebral fissures
2) Smooth philtrum
3) Thin upper lip (vermillion border)

38
Q

What are the findings in Congenital Rubella Syndrome?

A

Sensorineural deafness, hepatosplenomegaly, cataracts, purpura, and developmental delays

39
Q

What are the pathognomonic dysmorphisms seen in Down Syndrome (6)?

A

1) Flat facial features
2) Slanted palpebral fissures
3) Small, low set ears
4) Short neck with excess skin at the back of the neck
5) Single palmar crease
6) Large space between the first 2 toes

40
Q

What are the pathognomonic dysmorphisms seen in Fragile X Syndrome?

A

1) Macrocephaly
2) Prominent forehead and jaw
3) Large ears
4) Long and narrow face
5) Macroorchidism

Child Board Review (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions