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Psychology > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

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1
Q

NREM sleep stands for

A

non-rapid-eye-movement sleep

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2
Q

REM sleep stands for

A

rapid-eye-movement sleep

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3
Q

a cycle of NREM sleep typically lasts for

A

70 to 90 minutes

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4
Q

Approx, how much time of our sleep is spent in NREM sleep?

A

80 percent

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5
Q

True or False:

The second half of a night’s sleep typically has more NREM sleep then the first half of a night’s sleep

A

False

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6
Q

NREM sleep is a key time for the body to

A

recover, repair body tissue, remove waste products, and replenish neurotransmitters

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7
Q

4 types of waves in regards to brain wave activity

A
  • beta
  • alpha
  • theta
  • delta
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8
Q

Beta waves are

A
  • high frequency, low amp

- present when one is awake and alert

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9
Q

delta waves are

A
  • very high in amplitude, very low in frequency

- are present during a deep sleep just before REM sleep

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10
Q

NREM stage 1 consists of

A
  • drowsy
  • decrease in alpha waves, rare appearances of theta waves
  • Body temp, heart rate, respiration and muscle tension all begin to decrease
  • lasts 5 - 10 minutes
  • possible rolling eye movements
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11
Q

a characteristic that is ONLY found in NREM stage 1 is

A

the hypnic jerk

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12
Q

a hypnic jerk is a result of

A

our muscles relaxing, where we sometimes experience a jerking sensation where our body seems to go into a spasm

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13
Q

NREM stage 2 consists of

A
  • the point where someone is truly asleep (still a light sleep however)
  • last for 10 - 20 mins
  • heart rate, body temp, blood pressure continue dropping
  • breathing becomes more regular
  • mainly theta waves
  • no eye movements
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14
Q

2 characteristics that are ONLY found in NREM stage 2 are

A

sleep spindles and the k-complex

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15
Q

a sleep spindle in NREM stage 2 is

A

a brief burst of higher frequency brain wave activity, they last for about 1 second and are an indication that the person is asleep

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16
Q

a k complex in NREM stage 2 is

A

a short burst of low frequency and slightly higher amp waves in response to arousing stimuli

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17
Q

True or false:

NREM sleep stage 2 is still considered light sleep

A

True

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18
Q

NREM stage 3 consists of

A

-last for about 10 minutes
-heart rate, body temp, blood pressure continue to drop
-breathing continues to be slow and steady
-delta waves begin to appear
-EMG shows medium or low amplitude
-delta waves are recorded between 20% -50%
start of the deepest period of sleep

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19
Q

the presence of delta waves marks the beginning of

A

SWS or slow wave sleep

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20
Q

SWS usually occurs within

A

an hour of falling asleep

21
Q

NREM stage 4 consists of

A
  • deepest stage of sleep
  • muscles are completely relaxed and barely any movement
  • in first cycle of sleep, stage 4 may last up to 20 mins but gets shorter throughout the following stages
  • more than 50% delta waves
22
Q

special characteristic that occurs only during NREM stage 4 is

A

sleep inertia or “sleep drunkness”

23
Q

Sleep inertia is

A

when one is woken from stage 4 NREM sleep and may take up to 10 mins to orient themselves and usually have poor memory of sleep events

24
Q

sleepwalking, sleep talking and night terrors only occur in which stages of sleep

A

NREM 3 and 4

25
Q

True or False:

bedwetting is more likely to occur in NREM stage 4 than any other stage of sleep

A

True

26
Q

the progression of NREM sleep from stages 1 to 4 takes about

A

45 to 60 mins

27
Q

REM sleep is

A

a period of rapid-eye movement sleep during which the eyeballs rapidly move beneath closed eyelids, darting back and forth and up and down in jerky movements

28
Q

REM sleep consists of

A
  • heart rate is faster and more irregular
  • beta waves are present
  • deep sleep as people are difficult to wake
  • blood pressure rises, breathing is more irregular
  • apart from occasional twitches, skeletal muscles are limp
29
Q

characteristic of REM sleep is that it is commonly referred to as a

A

paradoxical sleep

30
Q

the term paradoxical sleep refers to

A

the brain and body being active internally, while externally the body appears calm and inactive

31
Q

a theory for the purpose of paradoxical sleep

A

to prevent us from acting out our dreams

32
Q

what stage of sleep does most dreaming occur in

A

REM sleep

33
Q

dreams that occur in NREM sleep are

A

less frequent, less memorable, less vivid and less fragmented

34
Q

are the eye movements of an individual related to the content of their dreams?

A

it has been found that there is no relation

35
Q

sleep can be described as

A

a regularly occurring ASC that typically occurs spontaneously and is primarily characterised by a loss of conscious awareness

36
Q

what is polysomnography

A

it is an intensive study of a sleeping person involving simultaneous monitoring and recording of various physiological responses of the sleeper during the course of the night

37
Q

What is an electromyograph or EMG

A

it is a device used to detect, amplify and record the electrical activity of muscles

38
Q

EMG recordings generally show

A

the strength of electrical activity occurring in the muscles

39
Q

the strength of electrical activity occurring in the muscles indicate

A

changes in muscle activity (movement) and muscle tone (tension)

40
Q

EMG’s are used to determine sleeping patters and stages because

A

there are identifiable changes in muscular activity during the course of a typical night’s sleep

41
Q

what is an electro-ocular graph or EOG?

A

it is a device for measuring eye movements and eye positions be detecting, amplifying and recording electrical activity in eye muscles that control eye movement

42
Q

EOG is used to measure

A

changes in eye movements over the different stages of sleep, and in particular, to differentiate between NREM sleep and REM sleep

43
Q

True or false:

both heart rate and core body temp gradually rise as we progressively drift from light sleep to deeper and deeper sleep

A

False

44
Q

body temp can drop by more then ___ Celsius wile we are asleep

A

1 degree

45
Q

each day our body goes through a cycle during which hormones are produced to control body functions, this is called the

A

circadian rhythm

46
Q

melatonin is a; and causes

A

sleep hormone; us to feel sleepy

47
Q

the sleep wake cycle shift occurs during

A

adolescence

48
Q

the sleep wake shift cycle is a

A

hormonally induced shift of the body clock forward of about 1 to 2 hours, making them sleep on or two hour later

49
Q

sleep debt is

A

sleep that is owed and needs to be made up

Psychology (10 decks)

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