SL1 - Orthopedic Exam Flashcards
what to look for during a gait analysis
lameness
head bob
shortened stride/limb carriage
dragging of toes/nail scruffing
ataxia
weakness
components of a stadning exam
palpation - asymmetry, heat, misalignment, muscle atrophy, joint effusion
conscious proprioception
spinal palpation
what should be assessed when palpating joints
crepitus
effusion
ROM pain
instability
what does a positive ortolani sign indicate
coxofemoral laxity
T/F the orthopedic exam is be performed without sedation whenever posible, palpation should be repeated after sedation
True
palpation should be repeated after sedation - less muscle guarding of joints
T/F it is never appropriate to radiograph the entire animal due to inability to isolate the source of lameness
True
when should radiographs be performed
after problem area is identified
orthogonal views are necessary for Dx
contralateral limb rads can be helpful for comparison
arthrocentesis can be used to detect
inflammation - immune mediated vs infectious
DJD
hemarthrosis
T/F nuclear imaging findings are non-specific
True
inflammatory, traumatic, neoplastic
indications for nuclear imaging
normal radiographs in presence of clinical lesion
unable to localize the lesion
evaluation of suspected metastasis
monitor response to therapy
mostly been replaced by CT
arthrogram is used to assess
the intra-articular soft tissues
ultrasound can diagnose lesions of _____
tendons
ligaments
muscles
arthoscopy is used to diagnose
OCD and FMCP
cruciate ligament disease and meniscal tears
shoulder abnormalities
intra-articular samples for histopath
CT is useful when…
conventional radiology fails to produce Dx (fragmented coronoid process, incongruity, subtle bone lesions, outline margins of bone lesions)
superior imaging for - spine, pelvis, skull, tarsus/carpus
when is MRI used
soft tissue lesions - intra-articular structures (cartilage, ligaments), nerve lesions
