SL1 - Bandages, Splints, and Casts Flashcards

1
Q

functions of bandages

A

promote healing

protect wounds

absorption

eliminate dead space

apply or relieve pressure

modulate pain

stabilize

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2
Q

3 primary components

A

primary layer - directly contacts wound/patient

secondary layer - should never contact wound

tertiary layer - outer layer

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3
Q

characteristics of primary layer/wound dressing

A

final barrier

absorbes/transfers to secondary layer

maintains moist wound environment

sterile

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4
Q

types of primary layers

A

adherent - wet to dry, dry to dry

non adherent - healthy tissue, granulation tissue

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5
Q

what determines the type of primary layer used

A

phase of wound healing

amount of exudate

presence of infection or necrosis

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6
Q

why are dry to dry dressing not commonly used for open wounds

A

painful to remove

can dry and damage healing tissue

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7
Q

when are wet to dry dressings used

A

in early wound management (3-5 days)

not on healthy tissue - can damage

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8
Q

advantages of wet to dry dressings

A

provides hydration

dilutes exudate

wicks exudate

removes necrotic tissue

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9
Q

characteristics of non adherent dressings

A

applied to healthy tissue

removed without disturbance

provides moisture

allows absorption

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10
Q

functions of secondary bandage layer

A

absorb and hold drainage from wound

provide support/immobilization

decrease dead space

reduce edema

control hemorrhage

hold primary dressing in place

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11
Q

materials used in secondary layer

A

rolled cotton

cast padding

cause pads

rolled gaize

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12
Q

what determines the thickness of secondary layer

A

amount of discharge/absorption

amount of pressure required

amount of support

immobilization

protection

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13
Q

rules for secondary layer application

A

3-4 digits exposed

approx 50% overlap

apply distal to proximal

never contact wound

normal functional angle

+/- spints/casts

change before exudate reaches tertiary layer (BacT strike through)

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14
Q

characteristics of tertiary layer

A

binding layer (holds other 2 layers in place)

protects underlying layers from contamination

porous/breathable

elasticon/vet wrap used

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15
Q

bandage slippage

A

limbs - distally

torso - caudally

toward narrower circumference

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16
Q

techniques to anchor bandage

A

stirrups

tape overlay

torso strap

tie over bandage

patch bandage

fur incorporation

17
Q

when is tape overlay used to secure a banage

A

torso and abdominal bandages

18
Q

what dis?

A

torso strap

figure 8 bandage material around forelimbs, place tape cross-buckle to hold bandage cranially

19
Q

when is a tie over bandage used

A

in areas where circumferential bandage is difficult

loose interrupted sutures around periphery, cover with dressing, umbilical tape holds in place

20
Q

when is a patch bandage used

A

used to protect incision lines post op

areas that cannot place circumferential bandage

21
Q

T/F fur incorporation is used for tail bandages

A

True

incorportate fur on the last taped layer

22
Q

things to look for when assessing a bandage

A

pain/ discomfort

swollen/cold digits

foul odor

drainage/discharge

mutilation

fever

23
Q

T/F modified robert jones provides little support and compression but protects wounds

A

True

24
Q

when is a reinforced modied robert jones used

A

to add additional support for minimally displaced stable fractures

25
Q

when is a robert jones bandage indicated

A

temporatry stabilization of fractures distal to the elbow/stifle - provides comfort until can fix surgically

decreases edema

26
Q

what can be used to temporarily splint fractures/luxations proximal to or including the eblow/stifle

A

Spica splint - immobilizes upper extremeties

27
Q

when is a velpeau sling used

A

creates a non-weight bearing forelimb

immobilization after reduction of shoulder luxation

primary stabilization for some scapular fractures

“velpeau for elbow”

28
Q

when is an ehmer sling indicated

A

after reduction of cranial dorsal lip luxation

provides femoral abduction, inward hip rotation - creates non-weight bearing hind limb

29
Q

what are these

A

DoggLeggs

  • adjustable and breathable material, minimizes skin irritation from tape*
  • ehmer sling and vest, velpeau sling*
30
Q

when is a robinson sling indicated

A

tibial or femoral fracture repair

post-op coxofemoral or stifle surgery

AKA pelvic limb sling, creates non weight bearing hindlimb, allows limited motion

31
Q

indications for full leg casts

A

as adjunct following internal fixation or arthrodesis

32
Q

contraindications of full leg cast

A

wounds

significant inflammation

femur or humerus

33
Q

how far should cast padding be extended past the cast

A

1 cm beyond intended length of cast

34
Q

when is a bivalved cast used

A

anticipation of frequent cast changes

wound management

allow reuse of cast material

35
Q

when are metacarpal/metatarsal splints used

A

fractures at or below carpus

additional support following fractures, luxations and arthrodesis

incorporated into modified robert jones bandage