skull workshop 1

Question 1

name all the parts to the skull

Answer 1

Question 2

name all the parts

Answer 2

Question 3

name the parts

Answer 3

Question 4

name the parts and the functions

Answer 4

Question 5

Frontal bone osteology

Answer 5

Frontal bone (1)

• Supra-orbital foraminae or notches
• Frontal sinus (es)
• Orbital plates (form the roof of the orbits/floor of anterior cranial fossa)
• Coronal suture
• The pterion

Question 6

Ethmoid bone osteology

Answer 6

Ethmoid bone (1)

• Crista galli
• Cribriform plate (with multiple foraminae)
• Superior concha
• Middle concha
• Ethmoid air cells
• Perpendicular plate (along with the vomer forms the bony part of nasal septum)

Question 7

Sphenoid bone osteology

Answer 7

Sphenoid bone (1)

• Greater wing (with foraminae rotundum, ovale & spinosum)
• Lesser wing (with optic canals)
• Body of sphenoid bone (with pituitary, or hypophysial, fossa & sphenoid sinus)
• Superior orbital fissure
• Inferior orbital fissure
• Right and left medial & lateral pterygoid plates (right & left pterygoid processes)
• Pterygoid hamulus (hook) of medial plate
• Sphenoid sinus (within the body of the sphenoid)
• Spine of the sphenoid bone (bilaterally on inferior aspect of base of skull)

Question 8

maxillae bone osteology

Answer 8

Maxillae (2: singular = the maxilla)

• Palatine process (forms anterior part of hard palate: roof of mouth/floor of nasal cavity)
• Incisive foramen (midline anteriorly)
• Alveolar process (includes the sockets for the upper tooth roots)
• Maxillary tuberosity (most distal part of alveolar process - distal to last tooth)
• Floor of the orbit (orbital surface)
• Infraorbital canal (or groove) and foramen
• Opening for nasolacrimal duct on medial wall of orbit
• Maxillary sinus (clinically called the “antrum”)
• Zygomatic buttress (process that articulates with the zygoma)

Question 9

Mandible bone osteology

Answer 9

Mandible (1)

• Condylar head (head of condylar process)
• Condylar neck (neck of condylar process)
• Coronoid process
• Coronoid (mandibular) notch
• Ramus, angle, body & mental process (protuberance)
• Alveolar process (includes the sockets for the lower tooth roots)
• Mental and mandibular foraminae
• Mandibular canal (internal connection between the mental and mandibular foraminae)
• Lingula
• Mental spines (genial tubercles)

Question 10

Occipital bone osteology

Answer 10

Occipital bone (1)

• Foramen magnum
• Jugular foramen (for internal jugular vein - between this bone and the temporal bone)
• Hypoglossal canal
• Occipital condyles
• External and internal occipital protuberances
• Grooves for dural venous sinuses
• Nuchal lines