GI and Endoscopy Flashcards
Liver
where does it recieve nutrients from?
what are the functions? (3)
What is the surface anatomy? (location, protected by)
what are these lobes:
largest organ in body
Receives nutrients absorbed from GI tract
Functions involve; • Glycogen storage
- Bile secretion
- Other metabolic functions
Surface Anatomy • Located mainly in RUQ
- Protected by Ribs 7-11
- Location changes in breathing
Stomach
what does the stomach do?
name the labelled parts:
The stomach functions to breakdown food of gastric secretions to produce chyme.
The abdominal organs are described in 3 parts: (according to embryological origin)
Foregut
- Oesophagus to mid-duodenum
- Liver + gall bladder
- Spleen
- ½ of pancreas
Midgut
- Mid-duodenum to proximal 2/3rds of Transverse colon
- ½ of pancreas
Hindgut
• Distal 1/3rd of Transverse colon to Proximal ½ of Anal canal
What is the Anatomy of swallowing?
- Close lips to prevent drooling (orbicularis oris & cranial nerve VII)
- Tongue (cranial nerve XII) pushes bolus posteriorly towards oropharynx
- Contract pharyngeal constrictor muscles (cranial nerve X) to push bolus inferiorly towards the oesophagus
- At the same time the inner longitudinal layer of pharyngeal muscles (cranial nerves IX & X) contracts to raise the larynx, shortening the pharynx and closing off the laryngeal inlet to help prevent aspiration
- The bolus reaches the oesophagus
What does ERCP stand for?
ERCP (Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)
What nerves fibres carries the sensory and motor parts of the gag reflex.
The sensory part: carried by nerve fibres within CN IX
• The motor part: carried by nerve fibres within CN IX and CN X
Lable the spinal cord.
Label the cranial nerves on the brain.
