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Neuroscience Quiz 1 > Skull And Vasculature > Flashcards

Skull And Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 parts of the skull?

A

Cranium

Facial skeleton

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2
Q

True or False. Bones of the skull are only formed by endochondral ossification.

A

False. They are formed by BOTH intramembranous and endochondral ossification.

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3
Q

These are membranous areas between bones of the skull that allow for growth in babies.

A

Fontanelles

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4
Q

How many soft spots does a baby have? They are?

A

2- Anterior and posterior

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5
Q

The anterior fontanelle separates which 2 bones?

A

Frontal

Parietals

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6
Q

The posterior fontanelle separates which 2 bones?

A

Parietal

Occipital

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7
Q

Which fontanelle closes FIRST?

A

Posterior

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8
Q

These are fibrous joints between bones of the skull that ossify in adults.

A

Sutures

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9
Q

How many sutures are there? They are?

A

3
Coronal
Sagittal
Lambdoid

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10
Q

The coronal suture separates which bones?

A

Frontal

Parietals

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11
Q

The sagittal suture separates which 2 bones?

A

Parietals

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12
Q

The Lambdoid suture separates which 2 bones?

A

Parietals

Occipital

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13
Q

This is the intersection of the coronal and sagittal sutures.

A

Bregma

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14
Q

This is the intersection of the sagittal and Lambdoid sutures.

A

Lambda

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15
Q

This is a disorder in which the sutures close prematurely.

A

Craniosynostosis

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16
Q

This is another name for the skull-cap.

A

Calvaria

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17
Q

The skull-cap is made of how many bones? They are?

A

4- frontal, 2 Parietals, occipital

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18
Q

This is the site most prone to fractures on the skull. What is its function?

A

Pterion- frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones meet

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19
Q

The zygomatic process is a feature of which bone? What does it articulate with?

A

Temporal

Zygomatic bone

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20
Q

The external acoustic meatus is a feature of which bone?

A

Temporal

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21
Q

The mastoid process is a feature of which bone?

A

Temporal

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22
Q

The styloid process is a feature of which bone?

A

Temporal

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23
Q

The foramen between the styloid and mastoid processes is called? What structures does it convey?

A

Stylomastoid foramen

CNVII/Facial

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24
Q

The place where the mandible articulates with the skull is called? It’s a feature of which bone?

A

Mandibular fossa

Temporal

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25
Q

This hole conveys the internal carotid artery. What bone is it part of?

A

Carotid canal

Temporal

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26
Q

The carotid canal conveys a vessel into which cranial fossa?

A

Middle cranial fossa

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27
Q

This hole conveys an important vein in the brain. What is it? What bone? Which vein?

A

Jugular foramen
Temporal
Internal jugular vein

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28
Q

The jugular foramen conveys which 4 important structures?

A

IJV
CNIX/glossopharyngeal
CNX/vagus
CNXI/accessory

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29
Q

This structure is a bony prominence superior to the nasal passage and in between the eyes. What bone is it part of?

A

Glabella

Frontal

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30
Q

There are 6 bones that make up the face. They are?

A

2 nasal bones
2 maxillae bones
2 zygomatic bones

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31
Q

Which bone contains the upper teeth?

A

Maxilla

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32
Q

Which bone contains the lower teeth?

A

Mandible

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33
Q

This bony structure is the point where the chin juts out. What bone?

A

Mental protuberance

Mandible

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34
Q

This hole is in the upper part of the eye socket. What is it? What bone? What does it convey?

A

Supra orbital foramen
Frontal
Supraorbital nerve and vessels

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35
Q

This hole is inferior to the eye socket and just medial to the nasal passage. What is it? What bone? What does it convey?

A

Infra orbital foramen
Maxilla
Infraorbital nerve and vessels

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36
Q

This hole is located on either side of the midline on the chin. What is it? Which bone? What does it convey?

A

Mental foramen
Mandible
Mental nerve and vessels

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37
Q

How does the skull articulate with the neck?

A

Via occipital condyles that articulate with superior articular facet of the atlas

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38
Q

What 3 structures travel through the foramen magnum?

A

Brainstem/spinal cord
CNXI/accessory
Vertebral arteries

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39
Q

The hard palate is made of which 2 bones?

A

Maxilla

Palatine

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40
Q

How many cranial fossa are there? What are they?

A

3
Anterior
Middle
Posterior

41
Q

What structure separates the anterior and middle cranial fossae?

A

Lesser wing of sphenoid

42
Q

What structure separates the middle and posterior fossae?

A

Petrous ridge

43
Q

What 3 bony structures are part of the anterior fossa?

A

Crista galli
Cribiform plate
Roof of orbit

44
Q

Where does the falx celebri attach at the rostral end?

A

Crista galli

45
Q

This is a ridge in the midline of the ethmoid bone

A

Crista galli

46
Q

Where does CNI/olfactory nerve pass through toward the brain?

A

Cribiform plate

47
Q

This is part of the ethmoid bone that forms the roof of the nasal cavity.

A

Cribiform plate

48
Q

Which 2 structures run through the optic canal?

A

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

49
Q

Which 2 foramen connect the eye and brain?

A

Optic canal

Superior orbital fissure

50
Q

This bony structure contains the pituitary gland.

A

Hypophyseal fossa

51
Q

Which structure runs through the foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary division of CNV/Trigeminal

52
Q

What structure runs through the foramen ovale?

A

Mandibular division of CNV/Trigeminal

53
Q

What structure runs through the foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal artery

54
Q

The internal acoustic meatus is in which fossa?

A

Posterior

55
Q

What structure forms the inner ear canal?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

56
Q

What structure runs through the hypoglossal canal?

A

CNXII/hypoglossal

57
Q

What are the layers of the meninges going from most outside to inside?

A

Skull–> epidural space –> dura –> subdural space –> arachnoid –> subarachnoid space –> pia –> brain

58
Q

Which is the thickest meninges?

A

Dura

59
Q

Where is the CSF contained?

A

Subarachnoid space

60
Q

Which artery is found between the dura and calvaria?

A

Middle meningeal artery

61
Q

Which artery supplies the dura and calvaria?

A

Middle meningeal artery

62
Q

Rupture of which vessel commonly causes epidural hematoma?

A

Middle meningeal artery

63
Q

What is the flow of blood from the cerebral bridging veins to the internal jugular vein?

A

Cerebral –> superior sagittal –> confluence –> transverse –> sigmoid –> IJV

64
Q

What is the flow of blood from the inferior sagittal sinus to the IJV?

A

Inferior sagittal –> straight –> confluence –> transverse –> sigmoid –> IJV

65
Q

What is the flow of blood from the occipital sinus to the IJV?

A

Occipital –> confluence –> transverse –> sigmoid –> IJV

66
Q

Which sinuses drain into the confluence?

A

Superior sagittal
Straight
Occipital
Transverse

67
Q

Where does the CSF get reabsorbed back into the blood?

A

Arachnoid granulations

68
Q

What structure separates the cerebral hemispheres?

A

Longitudinal fissure

69
Q

The cerebral/bridging veins are located in which layer? What layers must they traverse before draining into the sinuses?

A

Subarachnoid space

Arachnoid–> subdural space –> dura

70
Q

What is the layer of dura between hemispheres?

A

Falx cerebri

71
Q

What are the rostral and caudal attachment points of the falx cerebri?

A

Rostral- crista galli

Caudal- straight sinus

72
Q

What is the horizontal layer of dura separating the cerebrum and cerebellum?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

73
Q

Where do the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli meet?

A

Straight sinus

74
Q

What sinuses are located on either side of the hypophyseal fossa?

A

Cavernous sinuses

75
Q

In which layer are the large arteries and veins?

A

Subarachnoid space

76
Q

Which 2 arteries supply the brain?

A

ICA

Vertebral

77
Q

This artery branches off the ICA before it splits and travels dorsally. What structure does it follow?

A

Anterior choroidal artery

Optic tract

78
Q

This artery branches off the vertebral artery rostrally and travels ventrally along the spinal cord. What structure does it supply?

A

Anterior spinal artery

Spinal cord

79
Q

Go over arteries

A

Know all branches off ICA and vertebral arteries

80
Q

Which 2 regions does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

A

Anteromedial cerebral hemisphere

Anterosuperior lateral hemisphere

81
Q

Which artery runs in the interhemispheric fissure?

A

Anterior cerebral artery

82
Q

Which artery primarily supplies the lateral hemisphere?

A

Middle cerebral artery

83
Q

Which artery runs in the lateral fissure?

A

Middle cerebral artery

84
Q

Which 2 regions does the posterior cerebral artery supply?

A

Medial and inferior temporal lobe

Occipital lobe

85
Q

Which artery supplies the medial temporal lobe?

A

Posterior cerebral

86
Q

Which artery supplies the inferior temporal lobe?

A

Posterior cerebral

87
Q

Which artery supplies the occipital lobe?

A

Posterior cerebral

88
Q

Which arteries branch off the rostral tip of the basilar artery?

A

Posterior perforating arteries

89
Q

Which arteries penetrate the brain in the interpeduncular fossa? Through which structure?

A

Posterior perforating arteries

Posterior perforated substance

90
Q

The posterior perforating arteries supply which 2 structures?

A

Midbrain

Posterior thalamus

91
Q

Which artery primarily supplies the superior cerebellum?

A

Superior cerebellar

92
Q

Which artery supplies the lateral pons?

A

Anterior inferior cerebellar (AICA)

93
Q

Which artery supplies the anteroinferior cerebellum?

A

Anterior inferior cerebellar (AICA)

94
Q

Which artery supplies the lateral medulla?

A

Posterior inferior cerebellar (PICA)

95
Q

Which artery supplies the posteroinferior cerebellum?

A

Posterior inferior cerebellar (PICA)

96
Q

Which cranial nerve is the ONLY nerve to leave the brain stem dorsally?

A

CNIV- Trochlear

97
Q

What 3 structures run through the internal acoustic meatus?

A

CNVII/Facial
CNVIII/Vestibulocochlear
Labrynthian artery

98
Q

How many cranial nerves enter/exit via the superior orbital fissure? They are?

A

4- CNIII, CNIV, CNV (ophthalmic), CNVI

99
Q

Name the foramen from rostral to caudal

A

Cribiform plate –> optic canal –> superior orbital fissure –> foramen rotundum –> foramen ovale –> foramen spinosum–> internal acoustic meatus –> jugular foramen –> hypoglossal canal

Neuroscience Quiz 1 (7 decks)

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