Skull and scalp Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 layers of the scalp? outermost to innermost

A

SCALP

  • Skin : Contains sebaceous glands and hair follicles
  • Connective tissue: Contains nerves and vessels of the scalp
  • Aponeurosis (galeal): Tough layer of dense fibrous tissue
  • Loose areolar tissues : Contains emissary veins which pass into cranium
  • Periosteum: Dense connective tissue covering outer skull surface
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2
Q

What arteries supply what sinus

A

opthalmic artery - frontal, ethmoidal, and sphenoid

maxillary artery - maxillary

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3
Q

What sinus is most likely to get sinusitis

A

maxillary

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4
Q

What nerves innervate the maxillary sinus?

A

posterior, middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves (from the trigeminal nerves)

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5
Q

what goes through the internal acoustic meatus?

A
  • facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve
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6
Q

What passes through the foramen magnum?

A

Brainstem/spinal cord, vertebral arteries

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7
Q

What cranial foraminae are found in the posterior cranial fossa?

A
  • internal acoustic
  • foramen magnnum
  • jugular foramen
  • hypoglossal canal
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8
Q

What passes through foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal artery

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9
Q

What nerves passes through the foramen ovale?

A
  • Mandibular
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10
Q

What passes through the superior orbital fissure?

A
  • Occulomotor
  • trochlear
  • opthalmic
  • abducens
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11
Q

What passes through the foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary (trigeminal nerve V2)

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12
Q

What cranial foraminae can be found in the middle cranial fossa?

A
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum (the other side is at the back of the orbit)
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Foramen lacerum
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13
Q

What three important elements can you seen in the anterior cranial fossa?

A

1) Cribriform plate - full of little holes
2) olfactory nerve so trauma=loss of smell
3) optic nerve passes through the optic canal

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14
Q

What is found in the posterior cranial fossa?

A

brainstem and cerebellum

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15
Q

What does the middle cranial fossa contain

A

temporal lobes of brain and pituitary gland

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16
Q

What does the anterior cranial fossa contain?

A

frontal lobes

17
Q

Where is the pterion? And what artery can be found there? so what happen if a person received a traumatic blow to the pterion

A

on the side, found at the junction of frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones. Anterior division of the meningeal artery (branch of maxillary artery) lies under. Blow = rupture the artery

18
Q

What does the squamous suture seperate?

A

parietal bone and temporal bone

19
Q

What are the different branches of external carotid artery?

A

Some Anatomist like freaking out poor medical students

  • Superior thyroid
  • Ascending pharyngeal
  • Lingual
  • Facial
  • Occipital
  • Posterior auricular
  • Maxillary
  • Superficial temporal
20
Q

What are the 3 main blood supply to the scalp? and where do they branch from?

A
  • superficial temporal : runs along temporal bone
  • occipital
  • posterior auricular
    Branches of external carotid artery
21
Q

What are the layers of the fossae of cranial cavity? After cranial bones, outermost to innermost

A
  • cranial bones
  • epidural space (site of epidural hepatoma)
  • periosteal dura mater
  • meningeal dura mater
  • subdural space (site of subdural hematoma)
  • Arahnoid mater
  • subarhnoid space (filled with CSF)
  • pia mater
22
Q

What fluid is found in the subarachnoid space?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

23
Q

What part of the thalamus is responsible for visual signals?

A

Lateral geniculate nucleus

24
Q

What part of the thalamus is responsible for auditory signals?

A

medial geniculate nucleus

25
What part of the thalamus is responsible for facial sensation?
medial portion of ventral posterior nucleus (VML)
26
What part of the thalamus is responsible for body sensation?
Lateral portion of ventral posterior nucleus (VML)