Skull and scalp

Question 1

What are the 5 layers of the scalp? outermost to innermost

Answer 1

SCALP

• Skin : Contains sebaceous glands and hair follicles
• Connective tissue: Contains nerves and vessels of the scalp
• Aponeurosis (galeal): Tough layer of dense fibrous tissue
• Loose areolar tissues : Contains emissary veins which pass into cranium
• Periosteum: Dense connective tissue covering outer skull surface

Question 2

What arteries supply what sinus

Answer 2

opthalmic artery - frontal, ethmoidal, and sphenoid

maxillary artery - maxillary

Question 3

What sinus is most likely to get sinusitis

Answer 3

maxillary

Question 4

What nerves innervate the maxillary sinus?

Answer 4

posterior, middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves (from the trigeminal nerves)

Question 5

what goes through the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 5

• facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 6

What passes through the foramen magnum?

Answer 6

Brainstem/spinal cord, vertebral arteries

Question 7

What cranial foraminae are found in the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 7

• internal acoustic
• foramen magnnum
• jugular foramen
• hypoglossal canal

Question 8

What passes through foramen spinosum?

Answer 8

Middle meningeal artery

Question 9

What nerves passes through the foramen ovale?

Answer 9

• Mandibular

Question 10

What passes through the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 10

• Occulomotor
• trochlear
• opthalmic
• abducens

Question 11

What passes through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 11

Maxillary (trigeminal nerve V2)

Question 12

What cranial foraminae can be found in the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 12

Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum (the other side is at the back of the orbit)
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Foramen lacerum

Question 13

What three important elements can you seen in the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 13

1) Cribriform plate - full of little holes
2) olfactory nerve so trauma=loss of smell
3) optic nerve passes through the optic canal

Question 14

What is found in the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 14

brainstem and cerebellum

Question 15

What does the middle cranial fossa contain

Answer 15

temporal lobes of brain and pituitary gland

Question 16

What does the anterior cranial fossa contain?

Answer 16

frontal lobes

Question 17

Where is the pterion? And what artery can be found there? so what happen if a person received a traumatic blow to the pterion

Answer 17

on the side, found at the junction of frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones. Anterior division of the meningeal artery (branch of maxillary artery) lies under. Blow = rupture the artery

Question 18

What does the squamous suture seperate?

Answer 18

parietal bone and temporal bone

Question 19

What are the different branches of external carotid artery?

Answer 19

Some Anatomist like freaking out poor medical students

• Superior thyroid
• Ascending pharyngeal
• Lingual
• Facial
• Occipital
• Posterior auricular
• Maxillary
• Superficial temporal

Question 20

What are the 3 main blood supply to the scalp? and where do they branch from?

Answer 20

• superficial temporal : runs along temporal bone
• occipital
• posterior auricular
  Branches of external carotid artery

Question 21

What are the layers of the fossae of cranial cavity? After cranial bones, outermost to innermost

Answer 21

• cranial bones
• epidural space (site of epidural hepatoma)
• periosteal dura mater
• meningeal dura mater
• subdural space (site of subdural hematoma)
• Arahnoid mater
• subarhnoid space (filled with CSF)
• pia mater

Question 22

What fluid is found in the subarachnoid space?

Answer 22

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 23

What part of the thalamus is responsible for visual signals?

Answer 23

Lateral geniculate nucleus

Question 24

What part of the thalamus is responsible for auditory signals?

Answer 24

medial geniculate nucleus

Question 25

What part of the thalamus is responsible for facial sensation?

Answer 25

medial portion of ventral posterior nucleus (VML)

Question 26

What part of the thalamus is responsible for body sensation?

Answer 26

Lateral portion of ventral posterior nucleus (VML)