Skull and cranial nerves

Question 1

Skull bones

Answer 1

• Zygomatic
• Maxilla
• Nasal
• Mandible
• Frontal
• Parietal
• Temporal
• Occipital
• Sphenoid
• Ethmoid

Question 2

Which cranial nerves are associated with the temporal bone?

Answer 2

7 and 8

Question 3

5 parts on temporal bone

Answer 3

Styloid process, zygomatic process, typamic part, squamous part, petromastoid part

Question 4

How many wings does the sphenoid bone have?

Answer 4

6

Question 5

What are sutures?

Answer 5

Join parts of the skull

Question 6

Which suture takes longest to close?

Answer 6

Frontal

Question 7

Why do the anterior fontanels pulsate?

Answer 7

Bones haven’t closed - raised pressure in brain means skull keeps growing

Question 8

What is hydrocephalus?

Answer 8

Accumulation of CSF in brain

Question 9

Name the sutures

Answer 9

• Coronal
• Sagittal
• Squamous
• Lamdoid
• Occipitomastoid

Question 10

Main aspects of anterior skull surface

Answer 10

• Frontal eminence
• Supra-orbital ridges
• Supra-orbital notches
• Nasal aperture

Question 11

Main aspects of lateral skull surface

Answer 11

• Inferior end of nasal bone
• Zygomatic arch
• Mastoid process
• Head of mandible
• Pterion

Question 12

Function of superior orbital fissure

Answer 12

Nerve supply to eye muscles and eye ball

Question 13

What does inferior orbital fissure do?

Answer 13

Intra-orbital neurovascular supply

Question 14

What does optic canal do?

Answer 14

Nerve and artery supply to retina

Question 15

What is the foramen spinousum?

Answer 15

Course of middle meningeal artery
Contains grooves for arteries
On lateral side, they run deep to pterion
Connects greater wing of sphenoid to frontal/parietal/temporal bone

Question 16

Which artery runs to pterion?

Answer 16

Middle meningeal artery

Question 17

Where do the muscles of mastication attach?

Answer 17

Lateral pterygoid plate

Question 18

Sensory supply of cranial nerve 7

Answer 18

Tiny area on ear

Question 19

Somatic supply of cranial nerve 7

Answer 19

Muscles of facial expression

Question 20

Parasympathetic motor supply of cranial nerve 7

Answer 20

Lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 21

Course of cranial nerve

Answer 21

Medullopontine junction → internal acoustic foramen → stylomastoid foramen to exit skull → parotid gland → splits into 5 branches

Question 22

What does the greater petrosal branch of the 7th cranial nerve do?

Answer 22

Parasympathetic lacrimal glands and mucous glands of nose

Question 23

What does the nerve to stapedius muscle do?

Answer 23

Dampens loud noises

Question 24

What does the chords tympani branch of the 7th cranial nerve do?

Answer 24

Parasympathetic submandibular and sublingual glands, taste of anterior 2/3 tongue

Question 25

Conditions when born without 7th cranial nerve

Answer 25

Bell’s palsy, Tarsorrhaphy, Moebius syndrome

Question 26

What does somatic sensory branch of 7th cranial nerve do?

Answer 26

Patch of skin on pinna (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome)

Question 27

Sensory supply of 8th cranial nerve

Answer 27

Hearing, equilibrium, detect motion

Question 28

Where does 8th cranial nerve enter skull?

Answer 28

Internal acoustic meatus - doesn’t exit skull

Question 29

What do the utricle and saccule detect?

Answer 29

Linear acceleration

Question 30

What doe the three semi circular canals detect?

Answer 30

Rotational acceleration