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Sensory > Skull and Cranial Cavity > Flashcards

Skull and Cranial Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Name the bones forming the anterior aspect of the skull

A 
Frontal bone
Maxilla
Zygomatic bone
Nasal bone
Mandible
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2
Q

Name the bones forming the lateral aspect of the skull

A 
Frontal bone
Parietal bone
Temporal bone
Occipital bone
Zygomatic bone
Sphenoid bone
Maxilla
Nasal bone
Mandible
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3
Q

Describe the location of the pterion

A

2.5 cm above the zygomatic arch and 2.5 cm posterior to the occipital bone

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4
Q

Name the two foramina in the zygomatic bone

A

Superiorly: the zygomaticotemporal foramen
Inferiorly: the zygomaticofacial foramen

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5
Q

Name the bones that make up the pterion

A

Frontal bone
Parietal bone
Temporal bone
Sphenoid bone

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6
Q

Which bones make up the coronal suture?

A

The frontal and parietal bones

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7
Q

Which bones make up the squamous suture?

A

The parietal and temporal bones

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8
Q

Name the bones that make up the asterion

A

Parietal bone
Temporal bone
Occipital bone

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9
Q

Suture

A

Fibrous joint that occurs in the skull

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10
Q

Which bones make up the lambdoid suture?

A

Occipital and parietal bones

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11
Q

On which bone is the mastoid process located?

A

The temporal bone

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12
Q

Which bones make up the occipitomastoid suture?

A

Temporal and occipital bones

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13
Q

Name the fontanelles of a baby’s skull

A

Anterior (not fully ossified), posterior and lateral fontanelles

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14
Q

Bregma

A

Where the parietal and frontal bones meet in the adult skull

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15
Q

Lambda

A

Where the parietal and occipital bones meet in the adult skull

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16
Q

Name the bones forming the base of the skull

A 
Maxilla
Hard palate
Zygomatic arch
Sphenoid bone
Vomer
Temporal bone
Occipital bone
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17
Q

Name the paired bony prominence in the lateral temporal bone

A

The mastoid process

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18
Q

Name the paired bony prominence in the occipital bone

A

The occipital condyle

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19
Q

Which muscle attaches to the medial aspect of the mastoid process?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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20
Q

What articulates with the occipital condyles?

A

The superior facets of the atlas

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21
Q

Name the paired bony prominence in the medial temporal bone

A

The styloid process

22
Q

Which bone articulates at the temperomandibular joint?

A

The mandible

23
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ?

A

Synovial

24
Q

Name the seven major foramina in the base of the skull

A 
Incisive foramen
Greater palatine foramen
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Carotid canal
Stylomastoid foramen
Foramen magnum
25
Q

Describe the location of the foramen lacerum and explain why it is only seen in dry skulls

A

Bilateral foramina anterior to the magnum foramen and medial to the foramina ovale. In living bodies, the apparent opening is filled with dense cartilage and fibrous tissue.

26
Q

Name the structures passing through the incisive foramen

A

Nasopalatine nerves

Sphenopalatine vessels

27
Q

Name the structures passing through the greater palatine foramen

A

Greater palatine nerve and vessels

28
Q

Name the structures passing through the foramen spinosum

A

Middle meningeal artery and vein

Meningeal branch of mandibular nerve

29
Q

Name the structures passing through the foramen ovale

A

Mandibular nerve

Lesser petrosal nerve

30
Q

Name the structures passing through the carotid canal

A

Internal carotid artery

Nerve plexus

31
Q

Name the structures passing through the stylomastoid foramen

A

Facial nerve

32
Q

Name the structures passing through the foramen magnum

A 
Continuation of brain and spinal cord
Vertebral arteries and nerve plexuses 
Anterior spinal artery
Posterior spinal arteries
Roots of accessory nerve 
Meninges
33
Q

Name the structures passing through the lesser palatine foramen

A

Lesser palatine nerves and vessels

34
Q

Name the structures passing through the jugular foramen

A 
Internal jugular vein 
Inferior petrosal sinus 
glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
Accessory nerve
35
Q

Anterior fossa borders

A

Anterior and lateral: Meninges and inner portion of frontal bone
Posteromedial: Limbus of the sphenoid bone
Posterolateral: Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
Inferior: Orbital plate of the frontal bone, cribriform plate and crista galli of the ethmoid bone, anterior aspects of the body and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone.

36
Q

What are the bones that make up the anterior fossa?

A

The frontal bone, ethmoid bone and sphenoid bone.

37
Q

Middle fossa borders

A

Anterior medial: Anterior edge of chiasmatic sulcus of sphenoid body
Anterior lateral: Grater wing of the sphenoid
Posterior medial: Posterior edge of dorsum sellae of sphenoid body
Posterior lateral: Petrous part of temporal bone

38
Q

What are the bones that make up the middle fossa?

A

The sphenoid bone and the two temporal bones.

39
Q

Posterior fossa borders

A

Anterior medial: Dorsum sellae and the clivus (formed by body of sphenoid and basilar part of occipital)
Anterior lateral: Superior border of the petrous part of the temporal bone
Lateral: Small parts of the occipital and parietal bones
Posterior: Squamous part of the occipital bone to the level of the transverse groove

40
Q

What are the bones that make up the posterior fossa?

A

The occipital bone and the two temporal bones.

41
Q

Name the 12 intracranial foramina from anterior to posterior

A 
Cribiform plate
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen lacerum
Foramen spinosum
Carotid canal (internal aperture)
Internal acoustic meatus
Jugular foramen
Hypoglossal canal
Foramen magnum
42
Q

Name the structures passing through the cribiform plate

A

Olfactory nerve

43
Q

Name the structures passing through the optic canal

A

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

44
Q

Name the structures passing through the superior orbital fissure

A 
Oculomotor nerve 
Trochlear nerve
Abducens nerve
Ophthalmic nerve
Superior ophthalmic vein
45
Q

Name the structures passing through the foramen rotundum

A

Maxillary nerve

46
Q

Name the structures passing through the foramen lacerum

A

Filled with connective tissue
Small meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery
Emissary veins from the cavernous sinus

47
Q

Name the structures passing through the internal acoustic meatus

A

Facial nerve
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Labyrinthine artery

48
Q

Name the structures passing through the hypoglossal canal

A

Hypoglossal nerve

Meningeal branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery

49
Q

4 air-filled spaces visible on an X-ray

A

Frontal sinus
Sphenoid sinus
Ethmoid air cells
Maxillary sinus

50
Q

Function of air-filled spaces in the skull

A

Lined with respiratory epithelium and lighten the head and humidify and heat inhaled air
Contribute to resonance of speech

51
Q

Pterion

A

A clinically important surface marking that is a sign of weakness
Formed by the articulation of the frontal, sphenoid, parietal and temporal bones
Lies within a 1 cm circle, 2 cm behind and 1 cm above the posterolateral margin of the frontozygomatic suture

52
Q

Frankfurt line

A

Runs between the inferior margins of the orbit and the superior external auditory meatus

Sensory (9 decks)

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