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Sensory > Ear and Infratemporal Fossa > Flashcards

Ear and Infratemporal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory innervation of the external ear

A

Auricle: superficially by cervical plexus and V3, deeper by vagus and facial
External acoustic meatus: V3, vagus and facial
Tympanic membrane: outer by V3, vagus, facial and glossopharyngeal, inner by glossopharyngeal

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2
Q

Two parts of the middle ear

A

Tympanic cavity and epitympanic recess

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3
Q

The roof of the middle ear is called __________ and separates the middle ear from _____________

A

The roof of the middle ear is called the tegmental wall and separates the middle ear from the middle cranial fossa

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4
Q

The floor of the middle ear is called __________ and separates the middle ear from _________

A

The floor of the middle ear is called the jugular wall and separates the middle ear from the internal jugular vein

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5
Q

The lateral wall of the middle ear is called __________ and separates the middle ear from _____________

A

The lateral wall of the middle ear is called the membranous wall and separates the middle ear from the external ear

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6
Q

The posterior wall of the middle ear is called __________ and separates the middle ear from _____________

A

The posterior wall of the middle ear is called the mastoid wall and separates the middle ear from the mastoid air cells and continues to the mastoid antrum

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7
Q

The anterior wall of the middle ear is called __________ and separates the middle ear from _____________

A

The anterior wall of the middle ear is called the carotid wall and separates the middle ear from the internal carotid artery

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8
Q

The medial wall of the middle ear is called __________ and separates the middle ear from _____________

A

The medial wall of the middle ear is called the and separates the middle ear from the inner ear

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9
Q

Promontory

A

Produced by the basal coil of the cochlea

Covered by mucous membrane and contains the tympanic plexus

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10
Q

What enters the middle ear through the mastoid wall?

A

The tendon of the stapedius and the chorda tympani

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11
Q

What enters the middle ear through the carotid wall?

A

The eustachian tube and the tensor tympani muscle

Branches from the internal carotid plexus

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12
Q

What exits the middle ear through the carotid wall?

A

The chorda tympani

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13
Q

What enters the middle ear through the jugular wall?

A

A branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve

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14
Q

What exits the middle ear through the labyrinthine wall?

A

Lesser petrosal nerve

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15
Q

Innervation of the middle ear

A

Tympanic plexus

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16
Q

Blood supply of the middle ear

A

Tympanic branch of maxillary artery and mastoid branch of occipital or posterior auricular arteries

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17
Q

Things to label on a picture of the tympanic membrane

A 
Posterior malleolar fold
Pars flaccida
Lateral process of malleus
Handle of malleus
Anterior malleolar fold
Cone of light
Umbo
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18
Q

Contents of the middle ear

A

Auditory ossicles
Muscles associated with the ossicles
Tympanic nerve plexus (tympanic branch of CN IX and caroticotympanic nerves of internal carotid plexus)

19
Q

What structure is often injured during middle ear surgery?

A

Chorda tympani - leads to changes in taste and dryness of the mouth

20
Q

Ossicles

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

21
Q

Muscles associated with ossicles

A 
Tensor tympani (CN V3)
Stapedius (CN VII)
22
Q

Medial wall of infratemporal fossa

A

Lateral plate of pterygoid process, pharynx, tensor veli palatine, levator veli palatine

23
Q

Lateral wall of infratemporal fossa

A

Medial surface of ramus of mandible

24
Q

Anterior wall of infratemporal fossa

A

Posterior surface of maxila

25
Q

Roof of infratemporal fossa

A

Greater wing of sphenoid and temporal bone

26
Q

Major contents of the infratemporal fossa

A 
Sphenomandibular ligament
Lateral and medial pterygoid muscles
Maxillary artery
CN V3
Pterygoid venous plexus
CN IX
CN VII branches
27
Q

Maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa

A

Major branch of external carotid artery
Originates adjacent to neck of mandible runs forward through the infratemporal fossa and gives off deep temporal, masseteric, buccal and pterygoid branches

28
Q

4 muscles of mastication

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid

29
Q

Masseter

A

Originates from zygomatic arch and maxillary process of zygomatic bone
Inserts at coronoid process of mandible
Innervated by CN V3

30
Q

Medial pterygoid muscle

A

Originates from lateral pterygoid plate and inserts at medial angle of mandible
Innervated by CN V3

31
Q

Lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Originates from lateral pterygoid plate and inserts at condyloid process of mandible
Innervated by CN V3

32
Q

Temporalis

A

Originates at sphenoid bone and inserts at coronoid process of mandible
Innervated by CN V3

33
Q

Openings of the pterygopalatine fossa

A 
Foramen rotundum
Pterygoid canal
Palatovaginal canal
Palatine canal
Sphenopalatine foramen
Inferior orbital fissure
34
Q

Sphenopalatine artery

A

Runs through sphenopalatine foramen in the medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa
Responsible for chronic epistaxis

35
Q

Borders of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Sphenoid (posterior), palatine (medial) and maxilla (anterior) bones

36
Q

How are the pterygoid muscles named?

A

In relation to the lateral pterygoid plate

37
Q

Contents of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

Maxillary nerve
Maxillary artery
Greater petrosal branch of facial nerve
Deep petrosal branch of carotid plexus

38
Q

Pterygoid ganglion

A

Also known as the hayfever ganglion

Receives autonomic nerves carried by the nerve of the pterygoid canal

39
Q

Maxillary nerve

A

Purely sensory
Enters pterygopalatine fossa from middle cranial fossa through foramen rotundum
Gives off zygomatic and posterior superior alveolar branches
Becomes infraorbital nerve when it passes through the inferior orbital fissure

40
Q

Infraorbital nerve branches

A

Middle, anterior and superior alveolar nerves which innervate the upper teeth, maxillary sinus and nasal cavity

41
Q

Posterior superior alveolar nerve

A

Supplies upper molar teeth, gingivae and maxillary sinus

42
Q

Maxillary artery branches in the ptergyopalatine fossa

A

Zygomatic artery
Posterior superior alveolar artery
Infraorbital artery
Anterior superior alveolar arteries

43
Q

The sphenopalatine artery is a continuation of:

A

The maxillary artery

Sensory (9 decks)

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