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Special Senses > SKULL AND CRANIAL CAVITY > Flashcards

SKULL AND CRANIAL CAVITY Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 8 cranial bones

A 
Frontal
Parietal (2)
Temporal (2)
Occipital 
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
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2
Q

Name the 14 facial bones

A 
Nasal (2)
Maxillae (2)
Zygomatic (2)
Mandible 
Lacrimal (2)
Palatine (2)
Inferior nasal concha (2)
Vomer
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3
Q

Name the sutures of the skull

A

Frontal (in babies)
Coronal
Sagittal
Lambdoid

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4
Q

Where do the sagittal and coronal sutures meet and what is the fontanelle in babies called

A

Bregma (bregmatic fontanelle)

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5
Q

Name a pathology that results in late closure of the bregmatic fontanelle and absent clavicle

A

Cleidocranial dysplasia

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6
Q

Were do the lambdoid and sagittal sutures meet

A

Lambda (lambdoid fontanelle)

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7
Q

What is a condition whereby the lambdoid fontanelle closes prematurely

A

Craniosyntosis. Causes the anterior fontanelle to enlarge to accommodate brain growth

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8
Q

What attaches to the mastoid processes

A

The sternocleidomastoid muscle

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9
Q

What articulates with the occipital condoyles

A

The atlas, 1st cervical vertebra, superior facets

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10
Q

What is the function of the styloid process and what bone is it in

A

Attachment point for muscles associated with the tongue and larynx. Temporal bone

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11
Q

Where does the mandible articulate and what kind of joint is this

A

Mandibular fossa in the temporal bone. Temporomandibular joint is a synovial joint

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12
Q

Name the two anterior cranial fossa and the structures passing through them and what bone are they in

A

Foramen cecum- Emissary veins to nasal cavity. Ethmoid bone

Cribiform plate- Olfactory nerves. Ethmoid bone

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13
Q

Name the seven middle cranial fossa

A 
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Lesser and greater hiatus for petrosal nerves
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14
Q

What structures pass through the optic canal and what fossa and bone is it located in

A

Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

Middle, Sphenoid

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15
Q

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure and what fossa and bone is it located in

A

Oculomotor, trochlear, abducenct, ophthalmic of trigeminal, ophthalmic veins
Middle, sphenoid

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16
Q

What structures pass through the foramen rotundum and what fossa is it located in

A

Maxillary branch of trigeminal

Middle, sphenoid

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17
Q

What structures pass through the foramen ovale and what fossa and bone is it located in

A

Mandibular of trigeminal, lesser petrosal nerve (from CIX, parasympathetic efferent to the parotid gland). Middle, sphenoid

18
Q

What structures pass through the foramen spinosum and what fossa and bone is it located in

A

Middle meningeal artery, middle, sphenoid

19
Q

Name the posterior cranial fossa

A 
Foramen magnum
Internal acoustic meatus
Jugular foramen
Hypoglossal canal
Condylar canal
20
Q

What structures pass through the foramen magnum and what fossa is it in

A

Spinal cord, vertebral arterires, spinal root for CXI accessory, meninges
Posterior fossa, occipital bone

21
Q

What structures pass through the internal acoustic meatus and what fossa and bone is it in

A

Facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve, labyrinthine artery

Posterior fossa, temporal bone

22
Q

What structures pass through the jugular foramen and what fossa and bone is it in

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve, internal jugular vein
Posterior fossa, between occipital and temporal

23
Q

What structures pass through the hypoglossal canal and what fossa and bone is it in

A

Hypoglossal nerve
Posterior
Occipital bone

24
Q

What structures pass through the condylar canal and what fossa and bone is it in

A

Emissary vein

Posterior, occipital

25
Q

What passes through the incisive foramina and where is it

A

Nasopalatine nerves and sphenopalatine vessels

Just behind two front teeth in hard palate of maxilla

26
Q

What passes through the greater palatine foramen and where is it

A

Descending palatine vessels and greater palatine nerve

Posterior angles of palatine bone

27
Q

Where does the falx cerebri attach to on the ethmoid bone and the frontal bone

A

The crista gallis and the frontal crest

28
Q

What are the boundaries of the anterior fossa

A

Anterior frontal bone

Posterior: midline anterior edge of the chiasmatic sulcus, lateral lesser wings of sphenoid

29
Q

What are the boundaries of the middle fossa

A

Anterior: anterior edge of chiasmatic sulcus, greater wings of sphenoid laterally
Posterior: Posterior edge of dorsum sellae, petrous part of temporal bone laterally

30
Q

What are the boundaries of the posterior fossa

A

Anterior: Dorsum sellae
Lateral: Petrous part of temporal bone
Posterior: Squamous part of occipital bone to the level of the transverse groove.

31
Q

What attaches to the anterior clinoid process

A

The anterior attachment point for the tentorium cerebelli

32
Q

Where are the posterior clinoid processes

A

Either side of the dorsum sellae

33
Q

What makes up the pterion suture

A

Temporal, frontal, sphenoid, parietal

34
Q

Surface anatomy of pterion suture

A

2.6cm posterior and 1.3cm above posterolateral border of frontozygomatic suture

35
Q

What runs deep to the mastoid process

A

The facial nerve (CXII)

36
Q

Where is the foramen lacerum and what passes through it

A

medial to the carotid canal, in the junction of the sphenoid and temporal bones.
Nerve and artery of pterygoid canal and some veins.
Filled with cartilage in life.

37
Q

Where is the carotid canal and what passes through it

A

In the middle fossa lateral to the dorsum sallae, internal carotid artery passes through

38
Q

Where is the sella turcica and what does it hold

A

IN the body of sphenoid in between the chiasmatic sulcus and the dorsal sellae. Holds the pituitary gland within its hypophyseal fossa.

39
Q

Name the four paranasal sinuses

A

Frontal sinuses, ethmoidal cells, sphenoidal sinuses, maxillary sinuses

40
Q

Describe sinusitis

A

Acute- infection in sinus leading to inflammation and increased mucous.
Chronic- Thickened respiratory mucosa causing a chronic increase in mucous.

41
Q

Name the parts of the mandible

A

Body, ramus, angle, condyl, coronoid.

Special Senses (12 decks)

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