Skull and Cranial Cavity Flashcards
Upper part of cranium?
vault
Lower part of cranium?
floor
What are the immobilie joints where seperate cranial bones are united?
Sutures
What are the cranial bones?
Frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, sphenoid
Name the main sutures uniting the cranial bones?
coronal suture unites the frontal and pareital bones.
saggital suture unites the paired parietal bones.
Lamboid suture unites the occipital and parietal bones.
Pterion suture unites the meeting of the frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones
The pterior has a groove for which important artery?
Middle meningeal artery
describe the contours of the frontal bone?
vertical part goes down to superior orbit margins, then turns 90 degrees and goes horizontally going into the orbit and forming the cranial floor.
describe contours of parietal bone?
relatively flat, horizontal shaped, and molded to the brains contours.
describe occipital bone?
relatively flat, with a bony protuberance that can be felt at the back of the head.
describe the temporal bone?
relatively flat, contributes to junction of pteryion.
3 projections of temporal bone:
1.zygomatic process - continuous with cheek bone
2. mastoid process - projecting inferiorly from posterior temporal bone and contributes to muscles of the neck
3. styloid process - positioned medial to zygo and mastoid. sharp, spike appearance.
What fissure divides sphenoid bone into greater and lesser wings?
Superior orbital fissure
which gland sits in the body of the sphenoid?
pituitary
divisions and components of cranial base bones?
Anterior cranial fossa
- horizontal plate of frontal bone
- lesser wing of sphenoid
- cribiform plate
Middle cranial fossa
- greater wing of sphenoid
- petrous part of temporal bone
Posterior cranial fossa
-occipital bone
Which cranial fossa contains foramen rotundum, spinosun, and ovale
middle cranial fossa
what runs in the optic canal?
optic nerve and ophthalmic artery
what sits in the hypophysial fossa?
pituitary gland
which nerve runs through the foramen rotundum?
maxillary nerve
what nerve runs in the foramen ovale
mandibular nerve
what nerves run in the superior orbital fissure?
branches of trigeminal nerve and nerves to extraocular muscles
what structure runs in the foramen spinosum?
middle meningeal artery
what nerve runs through the cribiform plate?
olfactory nerves
what runs through the internal acoustic meatus
facial and vestibulocochlear nerves
what runs through the jugular foramen?
cranial nerves 9,10,11 and internal jugular vein
what runs through hypoglossal canal?
hypoglossal nerve
in which fossa is the foramen magnum located?
posterior fossa
in which fossa is the optic canal located?
middle cranial fossa
What is cranial nerve 1?
Olfactory
cranial nerve II?
optic
cranial nerve III?
oculomotor
CN IV?
trochlear
CN V?
trigeminal
CN VI?
abducens
CN VII
facial
CN VIII?
vestibulocochlear
CN IX?
glossopharyngeal
CN X?
vagus
CN X!
spinal accessory
CN XII
hypoglossal
which structure prevents rotatory displacement of the brain?
Flax cerebri
which structure separates the cerebellum from cebrebral hemisphres
tentorium cerebelli
which structures divides right and left cerebellum?
falx cerebelli
what are emissary veins?
come from outside of the scalp and drain into the venous sinuses.
where is the superior saggital sinus formed
between falx cerebri and skull
where is the inferior saggital sinus formed?
along inferior aspect of falx cerebri
where is the confluence of sinuses?
at point of junction b/w falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli. inferior saggital sinus joins with great cerebral vein to become the straight sinus.
where is the cavernous sinus?
sits on lateral aspect of body of sphenoid bone
in which meningeal space does the middle meningeal artery lie?
extradural space. in the groove of the pteryion. frequently the source cause of extradural hemorrhage.
what is the bleed origin of most subdural hematoma’s?
tearing occuring where the cerebral veins enter the superior saggital sinus.
