Skull

Question 1

What are the 12 cranial nerves and which has 3 divs

Answer 1

CNI Olfactory n
CNII Optic n
CNIII Oculomotor n
CNIV Trochlear n
CNV Trigeminal n:
CNV1Ophthalmic n
CNV2 Maxillary n
CNV3 Mandibular n

CNVI Abducent=Abducens n
CNVII Facial n
CNVIII Vestibulocochlear n
CNIX Glossopharyngeal n
CNX Vagus n
CNXI Accessory n
CNXII Hypoglossal n

Question 2

what are the purly sensory Cns (3)

Answer 2

Olfactory
Optic
Vestibulochochlear

Question 3

what are the pruley motor Cns (5)

Answer 3

Occulomotor
Trochlear
Abducens
Accessory 
Hypoglossal

Question 4

what are the mixed Cns (4)

Answer 4

Trigeminal (3rd div- Mandibular)
Facial
Glossopharengeal
Vagus

Question 5

What are the only two sensory Cns that have bipolar neurons

Answer 5

Olfactory and Optic

sensory usually have unipolar

Question 6

what types of neurons are motor cells

Answer 6

multipolar

Question 7

what are nuclei and ganglia

Answer 7

Nuclei- accumulation of neuronal cells in brain stem

Ganglia- accumulation of neuronal cells outside of the brain stem

Question 8

what are the 2 locations of sensory and motor components (and their 2 sub categories)

Answer 8

Somatic (muscle)
Visceral

sub- specific or general (all over body)

Question 9

is motor visceral sympathetic or parasympathetic

Answer 9

parasympathetic

Question 10

which CN is from each pharangeal arch

Answer 10

1- CN 5
2- CN 7
3- CN 9
4- CN 10

Question 11

muscles from each pharangeal arch

Answer 11

1- Mastication mm (4 pairs)
Mylohyoid m, anterior belly of digastric m
Tensor veli palatini m
Tensor tympani m

2- Facial expression mm
Stylohyid m, posterior belly of digastric m
Stapedius m

3- Stylopharyngeus m

4- Mm of pharynx, larynx, and soft palate

Question 12

what is the passage of pain

Answer 12

Sensory from periphery through ganglia and then to sensory nuclei

Question 13

path of motor visceral special, motor somatic and motor visceral general (parasympathetic)

Answer 13

Motor special + somatic- brain stem nucleus thru LMN to innervation

Motor visceral general- nucleus in brainstem, preganglionic neurons come out and synapse in motor parasynthetic ganglion, then out of that comes postganglionic parasympathetic axons that go to wtvr eg glands

Question 14

what are LMNs

Answer 14

CNs that innervate striated skeletal muscle

Question 15

symptoms of a LMN lesion

Answer 15

Paresis
Loss of muscle tone
Loss of tendon reflex
Rapid atrophy
Fasciculation

Question 16

symptoms of general visceral motor (parasympathetic) pathway

Answer 16

decrease of glandular secretion

paralysis of smooth muscle

Question 17

symptoms of peripheral sensory nerve lesion

Answer 17

loss or abnormal sensation lost on one side

Question 18

where is the Pterion craniometic point found

Answer 18

junction of sphenoid greater wing, frontal squama, temporal squama and parietal bones

Question 19

why is a fracture of the pterion fatal

Answer 19

may rupture frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery which can cause epidural hemorrhage

Question 20

scalp layers out to in

Answer 20

Skin
Dense C/t
Epicranial oponerosis
loose c/t
pericranium 
Calvaria (skull bone, 2 layers w diploe inside)

Question 21

Layers of dura

Answer 21

1. dura mater - with venous sinus inbetween
2. arachnoid ( under there is a sub arachnoid space w CSF)
3. Pia mater- covers brain

Question 22

what is the hyposheseal fossa for

Answer 22

pituitary gland

Question 23

what runs through the cavernous sinus

Answer 23

internal carotid artery

CN 3,4,5

Question 24

what two processes does the maxilla have and what do they connect with

Answer 24

palantine processes that connect with the horzontal and perpendicular palantine bones (with vomer bone located middle /post)

Question 25

how are neurocranial and facial bones formed

Answer 25

facial- endrocondral ossification

neurocranial- intermembrous ossification

Question 26

margins and angles of parietal bone

Answer 26

margins
top- saggital
front- frontal 
bottom- squamous
post- occiptial 

angles
top front- frontal
bottom front- sphenoid
top back- occipital
bottom back- mastoid

Question 27

branches of medial maningeal artery

Answer 27

frontal- goes up to sup sagital groove

parietal- runs posteriorly