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health assessment > skin terminology > Flashcards

skin terminology Flashcards

1
Q

xerosis

A

dry skin

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2
Q

excoriation

A

self-inflicted abrasion (on skin due to scratching)

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3
Q

ulcer

A

deep depression, irregular shape, leaves a scar

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4
Q

scar

A

normal tissue lost & replaced with CT (e.g. healed area of surgery, injury, or acne)

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5
Q

atrophic scar

A

depressed resulting skin level, loss of tissue (e.g. striae)

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6
Q

dermis

A

inner supportive layer of CT or collagen

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7
Q

epidermis

A

outermost layer of skin, stratified

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8
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

“fat”, adipose tissue below dermis, stores ENERGY

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9
Q

nevi

A

moles

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10
Q

nevus simplex

A

“stork bite”/salmon patch, flat red/pink irregular patch (location: forehead, eyelid, upper lip, back of neck)

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11
Q

senile angiomas

A

raised red spots, appears on trunk (on 30yo+)

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12
Q

senile lentigines

A

“liver spots”, small flat circumscribed brown macules

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13
Q

acrochordons

A

“skin tags”, normal skin overgrows forming a stalk, polyp-like

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14
Q

petechiae

A

tiny purple/red flat spots (hemorrhaging) (1-3mm), does not blanch

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15
Q

purpura

A

dark red discolored areas, flat, extensive patch of petechiae

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16
Q

pallor

A

paleness, looks like CT

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17
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish discoloration (decreased perfusion), high in deoxygenated blood

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18
Q

erythema

A

intense redness (excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries)

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19
Q

jaundice

A

yellowing of skin (rising amounts of bilirubin in blood)

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20
Q

blanching

A

turning white, (blood supply is squeezed/cut off)

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21
Q

skin tear

A

break or rip in outer skin layer, separates epidermis from tissues

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22
Q

discrete

A

distinct & individual lesions (e.g. skin tags, acne)

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23
Q

target

A

‘iris”, concentric ring color

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24
Q

urticaria

A

itchy wheals (allergic reaction) (e.g. hives)

25
Q

macule

A

flat, circumscribed, color change (e.g. freckles, nevi, petechiae)

26
Q

papule

A

solid, circumscribed, elevated (<1cm -diameter) (e.g. pimple)

27
Q

wheal

A

superficial, elevated, transient, erythematous, slightly irregular shape

28
Q

nodule

A

solid, elevated, hard/soft, (>1cm) (e.g. fibroma, intradermal nevi)

29
Q

vesicle

A

“blister”, elevated, free fluid cavity (<1cm) (e.g. herpes simplex, contact dermatitis)

30
Q

cyst

A

encapsulated fluid-filled cavity (in dermis/fat layer), elevates skin (e.g. wen, sebaceous cyst)

31
Q

patch

A

macules >1cm (e.g. café au lait spot, measles rash)

32
Q

plaque

A

coalesced papules, surface elevation wider >1cm (e.g. psoriasis)

33
Q

bulla

A

> 1cm in diameter, superficial, thin-walled, ruptures easily (e.g. burns, friction blister)

34
Q

tumor

A

> few cm in diameter, firm/soft, deep (e.g. lipoma, hemangioma)

35
Q

pustule

A

cloudy fluid (pus) in cavity, circumscribed, elevated (e.g. acne, impetigo)

36
Q

crust

A

thickened & dried out exudate (vesicles/pustules burst/dry up) (e.g. scab after abrasion)

37
Q

scale

A

compact desiccated flakes (dead skin cells shed)

38
Q

erosion

A

scooped out, shallow depression

39
Q

diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

40
Q

fissure

A

linear crack, abrupt edges, into dermis (e.g. athlete’s foot)

41
Q

keloid

A

scar at site of wound, grows beyond normal boundaries, smooth, rubbery, shiny, “clawliike”

42
Q

lichenification

A

thickened skin, tightly packed papules (intense scratching)

43
Q

leukonychia striata

A

white lines, through nail bed

44
Q

annular

A

circular, center to periphery (e.g. ringworm)

45
Q

linear

A

scratch, streak, line, stripe

46
Q

zosteriform

A

linear arrangement along nerve route (e.g. herpes zoster)

47
Q

ecchymosis

A

bruise (meds from vein leak out into tissue)

48
Q

contusion

A

bruise (blunt force trauma)

49
Q

hypopigmentation

A

absence of pigment, light/white splotches

50
Q

hyperpigmentation

A

darkened skin (excessive amounts of melanin)

51
Q

pruritus

A

itchy skin

52
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive hair growth

53
Q

alopecia

A

hair loss, baldness

54
Q

seborrhea

A

oily discharge

55
Q

exudate

A

fluid accumulated in wound, contains: serum, cellular debris, bacteria, & wbcs

56
Q

pedunculated

A

attached by stalk

57
Q

confluent

A

run together

58
Q

grouped

A

clusters

59
Q

gyrate

A

twisted, coiled spiral, snakelike

health assessment (13 decks)

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