culture terminology

Question 1

social determinants of health

Answer 1

the non-medical factors that influence health outcomes. they are the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life

Question 2

health disparities

Answer 2

particular type of health difference that is linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage

Question 3

acculturation

Answer 3

assimilation to a different culture

Question 4

national cultural and linguistic standards

Answer 4

a set of 15 action steps intended to advance health equity, improve quality, and help eliminate health care disparities by providing a blueprint for individuals and health and health care organizations to implement culturally and linguistically appropriate services

Question 5

acculturative stress

Answer 5

the stress that emerges from conflicts when individuals must adjust to a new culture of the host society

Question 6

subcultural group

Answer 6

groups that are perceived to deviate from the normative standards of the dominant culture

Question 7

biomedical illness beliefs

Answer 7

understands health as the absence of disease, considering purely physical factors

Question 8

holistic illness beliefs

Answer 8

caring for the whole person — providing for your physical, mental, spiritual, and social needs

Question 9

hot/cold theory

Answer 9

health is believed to be a balance between hot and cold elements in the body

Question 10

yin/yang theory

Answer 10

yin represents feminine forces, such as the moon, water, darkness, passivity, intuition, softness, contraction, and yielding in the universe, while yang represents masculine forces, such as the sun, fire, light, activity, rational thought, hardness, expansion, and assertiveness

Question 11

magico-religious perspective

Answer 11

describe beliefs prevalent in a particular culture concerning various supernatural influences operating in the environment

Question 12

shaman

Answer 12

a tribal healer who can act as a medium between the visible world and the spirit world

Question 13

taboo

Answer 13

a prohibition imposed by social custom or as a protective measure

Question 14

culture shock

Answer 14

the feeling of disorientation experienced by someone who is suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture, way of life, or set of attitudes

Question 15

cultural competence

Answer 15

being aware of your own cultural beliefs and values and how these may be different from other cultures

Question 16

cultural humility

Answer 16

a dynamic and lifelong process focusing on self-reflection and personal critique, acknowledging one’s own biases

Question 17

cultural sensitivity

Answer 17

being aware that cultural differences and similarities between people exist without assigning them a value

Question 18

cultural sensibility

Answer 18

how sensibilityrelates to an individual’s moral, emotional or aesthetic standards or ideas

Question 19

ethnocentrism

Answer 19

believing in the superiority of one’s ethnic group

Question 20

kinesics

Answer 20

the study of the role of body movements, such as winking, shrugging, etc, in communication

Question 21

proxemics

Answer 21

study of personal space and the degree of separation that individuals maintain between each other in social situations