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Dermatology Lectures > Skin Structure and Function 2 > Flashcards

Skin Structure and Function 2 Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

95% of epidermal cells are?

A

Keratinocytes

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2
Q

Epidermal cells?

A

Melanocytes (basal and suprabasal) Langerhans (suprabasal) Merkel cells (basal)

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3
Q

What happens to melanocytes in the first 3 months of foetal development?

A

MIgrate from the neural crest to the epidermis

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4
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Pigment producing dendritic cells

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5
Q

Organelles within melanocytes?

A

Melanosomes

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6
Q

What do melanocytes do?

A

Convert tyrosine to melanin pigment -Eumelanin (brown or black) -Phaeomelanin (red, yellow)

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7
Q

Melanin absorbs light. True or false?

A

True

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8
Q

Other word for melanin granules?

A

Melanosomes

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9
Q

What colour do melanocytes stain?

A

Purple/blue

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10
Q

What protects the nuclear DNA in basal cells?

A

Melanin caps

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11
Q

What is vitalago?

A

AI disease with loss of melanocytes

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12
Q

What is albinism?

A

Disorder with genetic partial loss of pigment production

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13
Q

Nelson’s syndrome?

A

Melanin stimulating hormone is produced in XS by pituitary

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14
Q

What is malignant melanoma?

A

Tumour of the melanocyte line

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15
Q

Where do Langerhan cells originate?

A

Bone marrow

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16
Q

Where do langerhan cells reside?

A

Prickle cell level in epidermis but also found in dermis and lymph nodes

17
Q

What are langerhans involved in?

A

Skin immune system -Antigen presenting cells -Pick up antigen in skin and circulate to lymph nodes

18
Q

What type of cells are langerhans?

A

Dendritic cells (dendrite means tree like)

19
Q

What does Birbeck granule do?

A

NOONE knows

20
Q

Where are merkel cells?

A

Between keratinocytes and nerve fibres in the basal layer

21
Q

What type of receptors are merkel cells?

A

Mechanoreceptors

22
Q

What is merkel cell cancer caused by?

A

Viral infection

23
Q

Odds with merkel cancer?

A

Low -High mortality rate -Rare disease

24
Q

What makes up a hair follicle?

A

Epidermal component + dermal papilla

25
Q

Term for hair follicles?

A

Pilosebaceous unit

26
Q

Cause of hair pigmentation?

A

Melanocytes above dermal papilla

27
Q

What does hair always grow with?

A

Sebaceous gland

28
Q

Phases of hair growth?

A

Anagen - growing Catagen - Involuting Telogen - Resting

29
Q

Types of hair follicles?

A

Lanugo (in utero) Vellus Terminal

30
Q

What is alopecia areata?

A

AI hair loss

31
Q

Where is the nail matrix?

A

Under the nail

32
Q

Name the different sections

A

Top left to top right

-Arrector pill

Dermatology Lectures (19 decks)

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