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Phase 2 TJ > Skin/Recon/Abdomen > Flashcards

Skin/Recon/Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

survival of pts w/ bile peritonitis? septic vs non septic?

A

nonsep = 100% survive
sep = 27% survive

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2
Q

risk factors for dvlpt of septic peritionitis after GI sx?

A

low TP, low alb, intraop hypotension, prep septic abd

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3
Q

techniques to dec comps / deal w/ loss of domainn

A

organ removal
diaphragmatic advancement
mesh
fascial incisions
progressive pneumoperitoneum
staged reduction of congenital defects
leave linea open

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4
Q

4 alternative methods for closure of D hernia if 1’ repair not an option

A

mesh
omentum
liver
mm flap (lat, rectus, transversus)
fascia
diaphragmatic advancement

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5
Q

diff in survival time for d-hernnia repair bw Boudreau 1987 and gibson 2005

A

boudreau –90% survival if sx w/in 1-3wks vs 60% survival w sx w/in 24hr
Gibson – 93% survival if sx w/in 24h of admission

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6
Q

Lu, JAVMA 2023. Evaluation of complications and long-term outcomes associated with 101 dogs and cats discharged with and without subcutaneous active closed-suction drains (2014–2022)

-when do they recc drain pull?
-risk of comps w/ pts discharged?

A

-dec incidence of seromas if drains removed at a production rate < 0.2 ml/kg/h

-complications: discharged w drain = 37% vs remove drain before dc = 4%

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7
Q

Philip, JVECC 2022. Clinical and clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome for dogs and cats with confirmed FOXTAIL foreign body lesions: 791 cases (2009–2018)
- most common locations in cats vs dogs?
-aerobic or anaerobic most common?
-which empiric abx do they recc for foxtails?
-which abx do they say to avoid for foxtails?

A

-cats = ocular
-dogs = ear, skin/SQ, nose
-anaerobic > aerobic
-bacteriodies/fuso more common (anaerobic)
-empric reccs = chloramphenicol or clavamox
-AVOID amikacin, doxy, and enroflox (bc they have no anaerobic coverage)

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8
Q

Jacques, JSAP 2022. Clinical, computed tomographic, surgical findings and outcome in dogs with sublumbar abscessation: 16 cases (2013‐2019)

-where were abscesses most common?
-recurrece rate?
-% of cases where material was found?

A
  • abscess in psoas m (100%), spondylitis (75%), vertebral osteomyelitis (38%), discospondylitis (13%). 67% had thoracic lesions
    -recurr in 14%
    -material found in 44%
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9
Q

Stokes, JAVMA 2021. Comparison of bacteriologic culture results for skin wound swabs and skin wound biopsy specimens
-was culture or swab better?
-importance of negative result?
-agreement bw samples?

A

-swab is acceptable alternative to culture bx
-negative result obtained from culture of a swab is likely to be reliable
-Culture results agreed in 21.2% cases – but didn’t really change clinical tx

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10
Q

Griffeuille, JAVMA 2021. Comparison of computed tomography and surgical findings and investigation of their associations with outcomes for dogs with sublumbar abscesses.
-recurrence ratee?
-what finding was significant assoc w recurrence?

A

-recurr = 25%
-diskospondylitis was significantly assoc w/ abscess recurrence (8x inc risk)

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11
Q
  • Hamil, VS 2020. Pretreatment aerobic bacterial swab cultures to predict infection in acute open traumatic wounds: A prospective clinical study of 64 dog

-results of pretreatment/lavage swabs vs postlavage?
-conclusion?

A

o Fewer bacteria were cultured from postlavage than from prelavage swabs in 43 of 50 (86%) acute wounds

o Routine bacterial culturing of acute wounds is NOT helpful to predict infxn and doesn’t affect empiric abx selection

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12
Q
  • Eiger, VS 2024. Use of near‐infrared fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green to evaluate direct cutaneous arteries used for canine axial pattern flaps

-did NIRF change plans?

A

o Sx more likely to adjust the landmark palpation caudal superficial epigastric APF margins based on fluorescence patterns & more likely to rely on landmarks if visualization score low

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13
Q
  • Logothetou, VS 2023. Complications and influence of cutaneous closure technique on subdermal plexus flaps in 97 dogs (2006–2022)

-complication rate? diff bw skin closure vs staples?
-what was associated with w/ lower complications?

A

Complications= 53.6% – staples = 72% vs sutures =49% (unable to detect diff)

dec comps if– wound on head or used an advancement flap

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14
Q
  • Forester, JSAP 2022. Outcome of caudal superficial epigastric axial pattern flaps in dogs and cats: 70 cases (2007‐2020)
  • cat vs dog complications?
    -most common complications?
A

o Dogs= 67%
o cats= 53%
o majority of complications = dehiscence > necrosis> seroma > edema&raquo_space;> infection

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15
Q
  • Villedieu, JSAP 2022. Outcome of superficial brachial axial pattern flaps used to close skin defects in dogs: 16 cases (1996‐2019)

-main conclusion?
-complication rate?
-revision sx?

A

o NOT for carpus; high complication rate

comps = 100%
1’ partial dehiscence (44%), partial flap necrosis ( 38%), seroma (31%)»
flap oedema (3/16, 19%) and complete flap necrosis (2/16, 13%)

revision sx = 20%

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16
Q

Bonaventura, JAVMA 2021. Comparison of outcomes for single-session and delayed full-thickness applications of meshed skin grafts used to close skin defects after excision of tumors on the distal aspects of the limbs in dogs

-diff in graft survival for single session vs delayed grafting?
conclusion?

A

o No diff in % graft survival, graft outcome, complication rate

survival: SS = 90% vs delayed = 85%
o Shorter healing times / few bdg changes assoc/ w single session placement may be beneficial - either is ok

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17
Q

Puerta, JSAP 2021. Superficial temporal axial pattern flap for facial reconstruction of skin defects in dogs and cats

-landmarks?
-recc max length?
-flap survival rate?

A

Landmarks: base = cd aspect of zygomatic arch caudally &lateral orbital rim rostrally

recc max length = mid dorsal orbital rim of contralateral eye
o 100% survival occurred in 90% of flaps

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18
Q

Jones, JAVMA 2019. Indications, complications, and outcomes associated with subdermal plexus skin flap procedures in dogs and cats: 92 cases (2000-2017).

-complication rate?
-most common Subdermal plexus flap?

A

o Complications = 51%
1’ minor

advancement flap used most commonly

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19
Q

Proot, JSAP 2019. Is the caudal auricular axial pattern flap robust? A multi‐centre cohort study of 16 dogs and 12 cats (2005 to 2016)

-more consistent wound healing in cats vs dogs?
-revision sx for cats vs dogs?
-most common comp?

A

o Optimal wound healing: dogs = 31% vs cats = 50%
o Revision sx: dogs = 50%, cats = 25%

most common comp = partial flap necrosis

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20
Q

Billas, VS 2022. Incidence of and risk factors for surgical site infection following canine limb amputation

-what was associated with inc SSI?
-overall SSI rate?

A

o SSI = 12.5% for all (10.9% for clean procedures)
o ligasure increased odds of developing an SSI – electrosurgery +/- sharp transection did not

SSI: ligasure = 20% vs no ligasure = 9%

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21
Q
  • Agnoli, JSAP 2023. A retrospective study on bone metastasis in dogs with advanced‐stage solid cancer

-most common 1’ cancers metting to bone?
-most common histiotypes?
-MST w bone mets

A

o Most common 1’ tumors = mammary gland, spleen, tonsil
o Most common histotypes = carcinoma> HSA

MST = 30d

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22
Q

Nakano, JAVMA 2022. Outcome of appendicular or scapular osteosarcoma treated by limb amputation in cats
-distant met rate?
-OSA location that had worse px?
-MST?

A

distant mets = 40%
humeral OSA = worse px (inc rate of distant mets)
MST = 1.5yr (527d)

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23
Q

Marconato, JAVMA 2021. Timing of adjuvant chemotherapy after limb amputation and effect on outcome in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma without distant metastases

-what timing was found to be better for adjuvant chemotx after sx?

A

-early admin (w/in 5d) of surgery had improved survival times

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24
Q

Cherzan, VS 2023. Factors affecting prognosis in canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors: 45 cases

-MST for SQ MCT w lnn mets vs w/o lymph node mets?
-local recurrence ?

A

MST: mets = 551d (1.5y) vs no mets = 1722d (4.5 y)

Local recurrence=18%

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25
Q
  • Murphy, JAVMA 2023. Incidentally diagnosed mammary gland tumorsare less likely to be malignant than nonincidental mammary gland tumors

-% benign for incidental MGT vs nonincidnetal ?
-% malignant in nonincidental MGT

A

benign: incidental =93% vs nonincidental =70%

malignant in nonincidental MGT = 30%

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26
Q
  • Cockburn, JAVMA 2022. Marginal excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs was not associated with a higher rate of complications or prolonged wound healing than marginal excisionof soft tissue sarcomas

-diff bw MCT vs STS healing comps?
-what was associated with w complications?

A

complications: MCT =29% vs STS =31%
(overall = ~30% bw groups)

subdermal plexus flap reconstruction = inc risk for comps

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27
Q
  • Evans, JAVMA 2021. Factors influencing complications following mastectomy procedures in dogs with mammary gland tumors: 140 cases (2009–2015)

-what factors were assoc w complications?
-complication rate?

A

factors assoc w comps: inc body size & prev spay; extensive mastectomy; no abx postop

o Complication rate = 15%

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28
Q
  • Villedieu, JAVMA 2021. Prevalence of pulmonary nodules suggestive of metastasis at presentation in dogs with cutaneous or subcutaneous soft tissue sarcoma.

main conclusion?

Diff in met rate bw grade 1/2 and grade 3 STS?

A

CXR = low yield for grade 1 or 2 STS or if mass present for <3mo

mets: grade 3 = 38% vs grade 1/2 = 6%

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29
Q
  • Chu, JAVMA 2020. Comparison of lateral surgical marginsof up to two centimeters with marginsof three centimeters for achieving tumor-free histologic margins following excisionof grade I or II cutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs

-diff bw conservative vs wide margin approach?
-main conclusion

A

clean margins: 2cm = 93% vs wide =92%
(NSD)

may be ok to use 2cm lateral margins for dogs w grade1 or 2 MCT

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30
Q
  • Milovancev, VS 2020. Long‐term outcomes of dogs undergoing surgical resection of mast cell tumors and soft tissue sarcomas: A prospective 2‐year‐long study

-recurrence rate for dogs w low grade MCT vs STS?
-margins used in this study?

A

recur: MCT =%, STS =0%
(all 1’ low grade MCT/STS)

margins: MCT = 2cm, STS = 3cm
1 fascial plane for both

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31
Q
  • worden, JAVMA 2023. Superficial anatomic landmarks can be used to triangulate the location of canine peripheral lymphocentrums: superficial cervical, axillary, and superficial inguinal

-landmarks for superficial cervical? vs axillary? vs superficial inguinal?

A

 superficial cervical: wing of atlas, acromion process of scapula, greater tubercle of humerus
 axillary: caudal border of transverse head of superficial pectoral muscle, caudal triceps muscle, ventral midline
 superficial inguinal: origin of pectineus muscle, ipsilateral inguinal mammary gland, ventral midline

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32
Q
  • Chalfon, JSAP 2022. Lymphadenectomy improves outcome in dogs with resected Kiupel high‐grade cutaneous mast cell tumours and overtly metastatic regional lymph nodes

-diff in MST for dogs w/ lnn extirpation vs w/o?
-what was associated with w inc risk for recurrence?
-what was lack of lymphadenecomty assoc w/?

A

MST: no lymphadenectomy = 250d (8mo) vs yes lymphadectomy = 371d (12mo)

inc recurr w/ inc tumor size

lack of lymphadenectomy was associated with higher risk of overall tumour progression, nodal progression, tumor related death

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33
Q
  • Skinner, VS 2021. Metastasis to ipsilateral medial retropharyngeal and deep cervical lymph nodes in 22 dogs with THYROID CARCINOMA

-main conclusion?
-mets %?

A

o Metastases =45%
o Deep cervical lymph nodes should be considered during imaging review of canine thyroid carcinoma and extirpation should be considered

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34
Q
  • Ferrari, VS 2020. Biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes after injection of methylene blue and lymphoscintigraphic guidance in 30 dogs with mast cell tumors

-correlation bw sentinal lnn and regionaal ln?

A

o Sentinel lymph nodes did not correspond to expected RLN in 63%

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35
Q
  • Grimes, JAVMA 2019. Histologic evaluation of mandibular and medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes during staging of oral malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma in dogs

-ultimate tx recc?
-how often was MRPLN affecteD?
-reported met rate for OMM & oral SCC?

A

bx of only 1 Mand LN was insufficient to definitively r/o lymph node metastasis in dogs with OMM or OSCC –bilateral lymphadenectomy of the MLN and MRP LN recommended

MRP LN affected in 80% dogs

mets: OMM = 37% vs oral SCC = 29%
(NSD, ~30% met rate)

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36
Q
  • Walter, JAVMA 2024. Treatment of retroperitoneal sarcoma results in improved outcomes

-most common histo dx?
-surival time in this study vs Liptak 2004?
-main conclusion?

A

HSA = 76%
MST = 238d (8mo) – longer than liptak 2004 (37d)

greater survival time than prev thought, sx increases survival, adjuvant chemo may help

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37
Q
  • Snipes, JAVMA 2023. Acute kidney injury is common in dogs with septic peritonitis and is associated with increased mortality.

-% of dogs w/ AKI dx?
risk factors for AKI?
-of dogs not surviving, how many % had AKI?

main conclusion

A

AKI = 40% (~20% preop & 20% postop)

Significant factors for AKI = inc RR, Dec SBP, and inc BCS

overall mortality = 20%– AKI = 75% vs no AKI = 25%

AKI common w septic abdomen and is associated with w/ dec survival

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38
Q
  • Perry, JVECC 2022. Clinical features, outcome, and illness severity scoring in 32 dogs with urosepsis (2017–2018)

-surival to discharge?
common bacteria?

A

o 87.5% survived to discharge

o Escherichia coli (37%) > Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.6%)> S pseudintermedius (16.2%)

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39
Q
  • hornsey, JFMS 2022. Factors affecting survival todischarge in 53 cats diagnosed with uroabdomen: a single-centreretrospective analysis

-% of cats suriving?
what was associated with survival

A

survival = 75% (NSD bw med or sx mgmt)

creatinine lvls assoc w survival

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40
Q
  • Morgan et al, JAVMA 2019. Outcome after surgical and conservative treatments of canine peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia: a mulitinstitutional study of 128 dogs

-which dogs were more likely to be sx tx?

A

sx tx more likely if: younger, sexually intact, CS present, other congenital abN

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41
Q
  • Rossanese et al. JAVMA 2023. Prevalence of malignancy and factors affecting outcome of cats undergoing splenectomy

-% of cats w/ splenic neoplasia?
-most common cancer?
-MST longer for MCT or HSA?
-what factors associated with HSA?
-% of cats w spont hemoab dx w/ cancer?

A

neoplasia = 81% – MCT 42%, HSA 40%

100% w/ spont hemoab = neoplasia

MST: splenic MCT 1yr» HSA 3mo

factors assoc w HSA: anemia, splenic mass, spontaneous hemoabdomen

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42
Q
  • Schick et al, JAVMA 2022. Evaluation of the validity of the double two-thirds rule for diagnosing hemangiosarcoma in dogs with nontraumatic hemoperitoneum due to a ruptured splenic mass: a systematic review

-updated HSA odds?

A

If spleen- malignant 73% of time and 87% HSA

27.0% benign splenic lesion

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43
Q
  • Burgess, JAVMA 2021. Development and validation of a multivariable model and onlinedecision-support calculator to aid in preoperative discriminationof benign from malignant splenic masses in dogs

-factors associated with w splenic malignancy? (name 5)

A

 serum total protein concentration
 presence (vs absence) of ≥ 2 nRBCs/100 WBCs
 ultrasonographically assessed splenic mass diameter
 number of liver nodules (0, 1, or ≥ 2)
 presence (vs absence) of multiple splenic masses or nodules
 moderate to marked splenic mass inhomogeneity
 moderate to marked abdominal effusion
 mesenteric, omental, or peritoneal nodules

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44
Q
  • Millar et al, JAVMA 2021. Premature death in dogs with nontraumatic hemoabdomen and splenectomy with benign histopathologic findings

-% of dogs w benign dz that died?

A

o 17% dogs with benign dz died w MST of 1-2mo
(1/5 of dogs w benign splenic dz die quickly)

45
Q
  • Clarke, JSAP 2020. Clinical utility of liver biopsies in dogs undergoing splenectomy

-conculsion?
-incidental liver neoplasia on bx of grossly normal vs abN liver at time of splenectomy?

A

liver bx should be taken if liver appears grossly abnormal otherwise it is low yield if liver looks normal

liver neoplasia: grossly normal = 2% vs abN = 30%

46
Q
  • Story et al, Vet Surg 2020. Outcomes of 43 small breed dogs treated for splenic hemangiosarcoma

-MST for small vs large with sx+ chemo?
-was ST diff?

A

MST: small breed =207d (7mo) vs large breed =139d (~5mo)
(NSD)

DFI was longer for small breeds

47
Q
  • Phipps et al, JAVMA 2020. Postoperative thrombocytosis and thromboelastographic evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs undergoing splenectomy for splenic masses

-main findings?

A

hypercoagulability common during the first 2 weeks after splenectomy

o hypercoagulability could inc the risk for development of postsplenectomy thrombotic conditions (portal system thrombosis, PTE)

48
Q

3 techs for implanting mesh in abd herniorraphy? preferred?

A

-onlay - superficial to rectuss
-inlay - mesh edge to fascia edgge
-underlay/sublay- under rectus; preferred

49
Q

autologous repair methods for abd hernia repair if cannot do 1’ body wall closure

A

VAC
fascial releasing incisions
abd wall partitioning
muscular flaps (sartorial, rectus abd, ext abd obliqe)

50
Q

structures to keep in mind for closure of inguinal hernias?

A

genitofemoral a/n/v
ext pudendal a/v
spermatic cord

51
Q

5 complications of splenecotmy

A

hemorrhage
vascular compromises
arrhythmias
SIRs/DIC/ARDS
GDV
inc risk for hemoparasite infxn
loss of reservoir for rbcs

52
Q

wendelburg 2016. survival of HSA w/ sx alone vs sx + chemo

A

sx alone = 1.6mo
sx + chemo = 3-4.5mo

53
Q

aronsohn 2009 – found what % of dogs w spont hemoab had HSA? what % splenic?

A

63% HSA
74% spleen

54
Q

which BV to ligate w splenecotmy

A

short ggastric
L gastroepiploic
splenic a/v after panc br

55
Q

% of dogs w/ HSA that have dz in R atrium?
dogs w R atrial mass have __ % of chance of splenic HSA vs dogs w/ 1’ splenic HSA have __% chance of R atrial mass

A

25% dogs have R atrial mass
if 1’ R atrial - ~29% have spleen
if 1’ spleen – 8% have R atrial

56
Q

5 options to close palatal defect

A

buccal mucosal flaps
angularis oris flap
local flap from palate mucosa
staged mandibular lip flap
temporals mm flap
sternohyoid/thyroid mm flap

57
Q

5 prognostic factors associated with canine MCT

A

Ki-67 / c-kit
mitotic index
high grade or grade 3 tumor
incomplete margins
local/systemic CS at presentation
tumors >3cm or quick growing
lnn mets
location – prepuce/scrotal/perinall, subungal/nail, oral /Mm worse

58
Q

4 options for sx excision of canine mammary GT? cats? species diff finn malignancy?

A

dogs - lumpectomy, simple mastectomy, regional mastectomy, chain mastectomy
cats - chain mastectomy (bilateral)
dogs = 50% malignancy; cats = 80% maligg

59
Q

dog MGT dvlpt after spay?

A

before heat = 0.5%; before 2nnd heat = 8%
> 2nd heat = 26%

60
Q

2 /3 /4 rule for feline injection site sarcomas?

A

remove if:
-> 2cm
- lasts >3m
-inc in size w/in 4 wks

61
Q

3 ways to reconstruct lower eyelid

A

lip to lid
3rd eyelid advancement
angularis oris APF

62
Q

survival rate of split thicknesss grafts by Mckeever /braden et al?

A

87% survival for partial thickness vs 58% full thickness

63
Q

4 steps in engraftement

A

advnacement
plasmatic imbibition
insoculation
vascular inngrowth

64
Q

3 rules for skin flap design / dvlpt

A

length of flap as long as length of wound
avoid narrow flaps
slt wider basse > width of flap
should be long enough to cover defect
relaxing incision parallel to wound

65
Q

5 benefits of NPWT

A

dec edema
remove bacteria
enhance gran tissu
dec bdg changes
inc blood supply /perfusion
inc wound fluid O2
inc flap survival
dec pp CO2

66
Q

3 spp diff bw cats/dogs w/ skin perfusion or wound strength or healing

A

dogs: greater density of collateral SQ vessels, heal via central pull of fibroblasts

cats: smaller # BVs w wider distance; dec cutaneous percussion @ 1 wk; weaker wound strength @ 7d; healing via contraction along wound edges/peripheral; false healing

67
Q

5 diff types of relaxing incisions / platies

A

mesh incisions
bipedicle flap
VY plasty
Z plasty
M plasty

68
Q

prognostic factors for melanoma (skin tumors)

A

complete excision
pigmented melanoma > amelanotic
malignant features
tumor location (oral cavity, MM, nails mostly malignant)
lnn mets
mitotic index

69
Q

survival rate of APF

A

87-100%

70
Q

angularis oris
flap margins, uses

A

Flap base: labial commissure
Dorsal: base to ventral zygomatic arch
Ventral: base to ventral ramus
Flap length: vertical ear canal

use: palatal, facial, nasal

71
Q

Superficial temporal flap margins, uses

A

Flap base: zygomatic arch
Rostral: base  lateral orbital rim
Caudal: base  rostral to ear
Flap length: middle of contralateral dorsal orbital rim

use: -maxillofacial
-medial eyelid
-palate

72
Q

caudal auricular APF margins, uses

A

Flap base: depression bw wing of atlas + vertical ear canal
Dorsal / ventral: parallel from base centered over lateral cervical
Flap length: spine of scapula

uses: -neck
-facial
-ear
-dorsal head

73
Q

Cervical cutaneous br of omocervical APF margins, uses

A

Caudal: acromion  scapular spine
Cranial: parallel to caudal, equidistant to cranial scapula
Flap length: variable, contralateral shoulder

uses: -facial / ear
-cervical
-shoulder
-axillary

74
Q

thoracodorsal APF margins/uses

A

Cranial: acromion scapular spine
Caudal: parallel to cranial, equidistant to caudal scapula
Flap length: variable, contralateral shoulder

uses: thoracic
-shoulder
-forelimb
-axillary

75
Q

superficial brachial APF margins/uses

A

Flap base: centered over dorsal 1/3 of flexor surf of elbow
Lateral / medial: parallel from base, taper together
Flap length: distal to greater tubercle
uses:
-antebrachial
-elbow defects

76
Q

dorsal deep circumflex APF marginsn/use

A

Flap base: CrV edge of wing of ilium
Caudal: midway bw ilium / greater trochanter  dorsal
Cranial: parallel to caudal, equidist to iliac wing
Flap length: dorsal to contralateral flank

use:-ipsilateral flank
-lateral lumbar
-lateromed thigh
-greater trochanter

77
Q

ventral deep circumflex iliac APF margins/usess

A

Flap base: CrV edge of wing of ilium
Caudal: midway bw ilium / greater trochanter  ventral / Cr to femur
Cranial: parallel to caudal
Flap length: prox to patella

uses-lateral abd wall
-pelvis
-sacrum

78
Q

cranial superficial epigastric APF margins/uses

A

Flap base: Cd to thoracic cage
Medial: abd midline
Lateral: parallel to medial, epidistant to teats
Flap length: includes glands 3-4 (+/- 5); end Cr to prepuce

use -sternal defects

79
Q

caudal superficial epigastric APF margins/uses

A

Medial: abd midline
Lateral: parallel to medial, eipidstant to teats
Flap length: may include glands 2-5

uses-caudal abd
-flank / inguinal
-preputial
-perineal
-thigh / stifle

80
Q

lateral caudal APF margins/uses

A

Flap base: base of tail
Incision: dorsal or ventral midline
Flap length: variable, 3-4 Cd IV space

uses-perineal
-caudodorsal pelvic

81
Q

genicular APF uses/margins

A

Flap base: 1cm prox to patella, 1.5cm distal to TT, laterally
Dorsal / ventral: parallel to base, along femoral shaft
Flap length: distal to greater trochanter

usses-medial stifle
-tibial defects

82
Q

reverse saphenous conduit flap margins/use

A

Dorsal: central 1/3 of medial thigh @ patella; ligate saphenous a/v/n
Cranial: 5-10mm cr to saphenous a/v
Caudal: 5-10mm cd to saphenous a/v

uses-distal PL

83
Q

latisimuss dorsi myocutaneous flap uses/margins

A

Cranial: ventral acromion / triceps
Caudal: 13th rib
Ventral: skin fold, lower 1/3 humerus

uses -thoracic wall

-type V vascular pattern
-dominant pedicle = thoracodorsal a

84
Q

what flap is this

A

genicular APF

85
Q

flap?

A

omocervical APF

86
Q

flap?

A

thoracodorsal APF

87
Q

flap

A

lateral thoracic APF

88
Q

flap

A

superficial brachial APF

89
Q

flap

A

cd superficial epigastric

90
Q

flap

A

cr superficial epigastric

91
Q

flap

A

dorsal deep circumflex APF

92
Q

flap

A

caudal auricular APF

93
Q

flap

A

superficial temporal APF

94
Q

flap

A

lateral caudal APF

95
Q

flap

A

auricularis oris APF

96
Q

what was performed

A

transposition flap

97
Q

what was performed

A

interpolation flap

98
Q

removal (ml/kg/h or d) for SQ drain vs chest tube?

A

SQ drain = <0.2ml/kg/hr
chest tube = <2ml/kg/d (0.1ml/kg/hr)

99
Q

Emerson JSAP 2019: genicular APF for recon of skin defects in 22 dogs

-flap survival?
-recc uses?

A

survival = 99%
good for small to medium sized skin defects of lateral/cranial crus

100
Q

Liptak 2008. recon of chest wall defects after rib tumor resection

-vascular pattern of latissimus doors?
complications for autogenous vs composite vs prosthetic?
recc to decc complications?

A

latissimus = type 5 vascular pattern (based on thoracodorsal a)

complications: autogenous =10%, composite = 25%, mesh = 66%

recc covering mesh with mm or omentum to dec complications

101
Q

selmic JAVMA 2018. assoc of TPLO with proximal tibial OSA

-risk of dvlping prox tibial OSA if hx TPLO vs no TPLO
-what other factor was associated with inc risk for prox tibial OSA?
-what was relevant regarding the TPLO / incidence of OSA historically?

A

hx of TPLO = 40x inc risk of prox tibial OSA

inc body weight = inc risk (each kg inc in wt = 11% inc risk)

hx related to use of early gen TPLO plates (made via casting , inc risk for corrosion)

102
Q

alvarez-sanchez, VS 2023. comparisons of CT lymphangio and NIRF mapping for MCT

-% of dogs with low grade/grade 2 MCT with mets?
conclusions?

A

mets: 95% of dogs

iodinated contrast lnn mapping and NRIF agreed ~80% of the time, recc combining both – MCT mets may be more common with intermediate/low grade tumors

103
Q

arz, JFMS 2023. lnn mets in feline low grade MCT

% mets for low grade feline MCT?

A

mets =59% –> recc lymphadenectomy

104
Q

iodence, JAVMa 2021. dogs undergoing sx excision of MCT are not at inc risk for incisional complications

-% comps for MCT vs STS
-what medication not associated with w inc risk of complications?
-recc /advise for chemo use w MCT?

A

complications: MCT =13% vs STS =14%
(no diff)

steroid admin NOT associated with comps

suggest caution w using <30d from sx if MCT

105
Q

karma VS 2021. eval of scar revision after index primary excision of cutaneous MCT

-% of dogs w MCT present in scar?
-local recur after scar revision?

A

MCT @ scar revision site =14%

local recurr = 4%

106
Q

culp java 2010. spontaneous hemoabd in cats

-% with neoplasia vs benign?
-most common neoplasm?
-most common organ of origin?

A

causes: benign =54% vs malignant = 46%
(~50/50 for cats w hemoab)

-HSA most common
-spleen most common

107
Q

clevland JAVMA 2016. incidence of malignancy and outcomes for dogs undergoing splenectomy for incidentally detected nonruptured splenic mass

-% benign vs malignant

A

incidental splenic mass: benign = 70% vs malignant = 30%

108
Q
A

Phase 2 TJ (11 decks)

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