Skin, Nose/Mouth/Throat, Abdominal and Nutritional Assessments

Question 1

What are the three layers of Skin?

Answer 1

Epidermis
Dermis (connective tissue/collagen)
Subcutaneous layer

Question 2

What are some functions of Skin?

Answer 2

Homeostasis
Boundaries for fluid
Protection from radiation/microorganisms
Temperature

Question 3

What are 4 things a skin assessment show?

Answer 3

General health status
Chronic medical conditions
Self care ability
Neglect or abuse

Question 4

What is Pruritus?

Answer 4

Itchy Skin

Question 5

What are the 4 different skin pigmentations?

Answer 5

Pallor (white)
Erythema (red)
Cyanosis (blue)
Jaundice (yellow)

Question 6

What is Diaphoresis

Answer 6

Excessive Sweating

Question 7

What are 5 questions when assessing Skin?

Answer 7

What is normal?
Do they have problem areas?
What are they doing about said areas?
Length of time problem has existed?
What has been done already?

Question 8

What are some reasons that skin changes with age?

Answer 8

Less Melanin (pigmentation)
Epidermis becomes thin
Sweat Glands become less active
Reduced blood supply
Slower skin repair

Question 9

What are the 3 types of Malignant Skin Lesions?

Answer 9

Malignant melanoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 10

ABCDE for screening moles

Answer 10

Question 11

What is Gingivitis?

Answer 11

Inflamed gums

Question 12

What nerve controls movement of the tongue?

Answer 12

Cranial Nerve 12

Question 13

What are the 4 parts of Physical Assessment?

Answer 13

INSPECTION - look
PALPATION - feel
PERCUSSION - feel & listen
AUSCULTATION - listen

Question 14

What is Herniation?

Answer 14

Tissue moving to an abnormal body opening

Question 15

What is Distention?

Answer 15

Enlarged or swollen from internal pressure

Question 16

In Percussion what is Dull and Typany?

Answer 16

Dull - Solid Organs + masses + fluid filled
Tympany - Air filled

Question 17

What is Hyper Resonance?

Answer 17

Gaseous Distention

Question 18

What are the sounds being assessed in Auscultation?

Answer 18

Pitch
Loudness
Quality
Duration

Question 19

What are some Macronutrients?

Answer 19

Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Water

Question 20

What do Macronutrients do?

Answer 20

Supply energy & build tissue

Question 21

What are some Micronutrients?

Answer 21

Water soluble vitamins
Fat soluble vitamins
Essential Trace Minerals

Question 22

What do Micronutrients do?

Answer 22

Regulate and control body processes

Question 23

What are some water soluble vitamins?

Answer 23

C
B

Question 24

What are some fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 24

D
E
K
A

Question 25

What are healthy proportions on a plate?

Answer 25

1/2 veges
1/4 protein
1/4 starch

Question 26

What is an appropriate serving size for meat?

Answer 26

Palm of the hand

Question 27

Why are few calories needed in adulthood?

Answer 27

Decrease in BMR

Question 28

What is an appropriate serving size for vegetables?

Answer 28

What fits in a cupped hand

Question 29

What is BMR?

Answer 29

Basal Metabolic Rate
Number of calories you burn just from basic life processes

Question 30

When are there increased nutritional needs in paediatric life stages?

Answer 30

Antenatal period
Infancy Adolescence

Question 31

Pregnancy & Lactation increases nutritional needs

Question 32

What does ABCD stand for?

Answer 32

Anthropometry
Biochemical/Bowels
Clinical
Dietary

Question 33

What does Anthropometry mean?

Answer 33

Measurements and proportions of human body
(BMI, Weight, Head circumference, Waist circumference, skin folds)