Skin Lesions Cases Flashcards
What are some features of basal cell carcinomas?
Slow growing on sun-exposed site, pearly with telangiectasia, commonest skin cancer in general population, most cases require surgical excision
What are some features of actinic keratosis?
Chronically sun-exposed site, scaly, not progressing, partial thickness dysplasia of epidermal keratinocytes, marker of chronic sun damage, precursor to squamous cell carcinoma but very low rate of progression, non-surgical treatment
What are some features of seborrheic keratosis?
Very well defined, stuck on appearance, very common, benign
What are some features of Bowen’s disease?
Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma, full thickness dysplasia of epidermal keratinocytes
What are some features of squamous cell carcinomas?
Can metastasise so need to be excised urgently, most common skin cancer in immunosuppressed population, can arise from precursor or de-novo, would expect evidence of sun damage to surrounding skin and history of chronic exposure
What are some features of blue naevi?
Chronic unchanging lesions, failure of complete migration of melanocytes
What are the growth phases of melanomas?
Radial (RGP) = flat lesion, in-situ, no metastatic potential
Vertical (VGP) = raised, invasive, can metastasise
How do naevi arise?
Normal for moles to become elevated as they mature,
melanocytes migrate down through the skin
What are some features of junctional naevi?
Flat, melanocytes along basal layer of epidermis
What are some features of compound naevi?
Raised, brown, melanocytes in upper dermis
What are some features of intradermal naevi?
Raised, skin coloured, melanocytes in dermis
What are some features of dermatofibromas?
Unchanging, asymptomatic, firm lesion, fibroblast proliferation, possibly induced by insect bite or minor trauma
What are some features of halo naevi?
Peripheral depigmentation, physiological immune response, particularly seen in young adults
What are some features of haemangiomas?
Irregular border, very dark, multiple vascular lacunae seen on dermoscopy
What cells do basal cell carcinomas arise from?
Basal keratinocytes
