Skin and Stigma Flashcards
What is the definition of illness behaviour?
The ways in which given symptoms may be differentially perceived, evaluated and acted upon by different kinds of people
What is the definition of disease?
Pathological condition of the body=can be measured and quantified, objective and demonstrable
What is the definition of illness?
Experience of discomfort and suffering, subjective, depends on the individual concerned, hard to measure
What are some demographic factors that influence people?
Age, gender, ethnicity, socio-economic status
What are some personal and psychological factors that influence people?
Personality, cognitive and coping skills
What are some aspects of a person’s social status?
Family, social networks and support
What contributes to a person’s context?
Their life circumstances and life events (e.g war)
Give two examples of labelling
Medical diagnosis and stigma
How are human beings story telling animals?
We seek and construct meaning in our lives
What are roles?
Bundles of social expectations attaching to a position within a social structure
How does stigma arise?
People tend to impute a wide range of imperfections on the basis of the original one
Why is stigma a negative thing?
It can lead to social handicap, its effects are both physical and psychological and may impact on social functioning and quality of life
What is the definition of sensation?
The “raw data” that impacts on the sense organs
How does perception link to sensation?
Perception provides meaning to the “raw data” of sensations
How is attention part of the perceptual process?
It is selective and can be affected by previous experience, motivation and fatigue
Why is impression formation relevant to the doctor-patient consultation?
There are strong selective bias in person perception
What is the theory outlined in Gestalt psychology?
The human eye sees objects in their entirety before perceiving their individual parts, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
What are stereotypes?
Overgeneralisations
Why are stereotypes negative?
Attribution of one trait leads to inference of other traits, which can lead to prejudice and discrimination
What are some examples of prejudice and discrimination?
Racism, sexism, ageism
What are some negative impacts of prejudice?
Ostracism, bullying, social exclusion, health inequalities
What do emotional responses involve?
Fast reactions to something that is either unexpected or highly positively/negatively valued
Where are the neural pathways of “raw and fast” reactions routed through?
The amygdala (rather than cortex)
What are the six primary affects described by Ekman and Friesen (1969)?
Happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, disgust and interest
What does the “disgust affect display” develop from?
Movements of the mouth and nose involved in rejecting a bad taste or smell
What are involved in emotions?
Cognitive interpretation and physiological arousal
