Skin Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Define Impetigo?

A

Infection of the epidermis

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2
Q

Define Erysipelas?

A

Infection of upper dermis

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3
Q

Define Cellulitis?

A

Infection of the deep dermis & Subcutaneous fat

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4
Q

Define Folliculitis?

A

Infection of one hair follicle

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5
Q

Define Furunculosis?

A

An infection of one follicle that spreads to surrounding tissue aka a boil

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6
Q

Define a carbuncle?

A

An abscess of several follicles with multiple draining points (advances furuncle)

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7
Q

What organisms cause the main surface skin/hair infections?

A

Staph Aureus

Strep Pyogenes

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8
Q

What can cause impetigo?

A
Abrasion
Trauma
Burns
Poor Hygiene
Insect Bites
Chickenpox
Eczema
Atopic Dermatitis

Basically any skin break

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9
Q

How does impetigo present?

A

Multiple vesicular lesions on an erythematous base.

Its a golden crusty look on the face/extremities/scalp and mainly in children.

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10
Q

How would you treat impetigo?

A

Topical Abx, if its too large for topical use oral Abx e.g. flucloxacillin

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11
Q

What are the risk factors for erysipelas/cellulitis?

A

Pre-existing lymphoedema
Venous stasis
Paraparesis
Obesity

DM

Prior Episodes

Ulcers/wounds

Tinea Pedis

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12
Q

How does erysipelas present?

A

Erysipelas is a distinct form of superficial cellulitis with a raised, sharply demarcated edge distinguishing it from uninvolved skin.

Comes with associated fever and regional lymphadenopathy & lymphangitis

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13
Q

How does lymphangitis look and what cause sit?

A

Red lines following the path of lymph vessels, it can lead to fever, chills, malaise and some severe complications.

Comes with erysipelas and cellulitis.

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14
Q

How does cellulitis present?

A
  • A spreading red area with diffuse borders
  • Warmth &swelling
  • Fever & constitutional symptoms
  • Regional Lymphadenopathy & Lymphangitis
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15
Q

How do hair infections present?

A

Folliculitis - small red papules with a central purulence that may rupture

A Carbuncle appears like sepsis with constitutional symptoms

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16
Q

How do you treat hair infections?

A

Topical Abx
Oral for furuncle if needed

Carbuncles require admission, surgery and IV abx

17
Q

How do you treat Epysipelas/Cellulitis?

A

Abx
- which depends on the immunocompetence, known aetiology and severity of illness

E.g.

  • Immunocompetenet and well? -> oral Flucloxacillin
  • Immunocompetent and ill? -> parenteral Vancomycin
  • Immunocompromised? –> IV vancomycin