Skin Histology

Question 1

6 primary functions of the skin

Answer 1

Protection, heat regulation, excretion, secretion, and absorption

Question 2

Acid mantle

Answer 2

Very thin, delicate protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water.

Question 3

Hydrolipidic

Answer 3

Is an Oil-water balance that protects the skins surface

Question 4

Barrier function

Answer 4

Protective barrier of the epidermis; the corner and intercellular matrix protect the surface from irritation and dehydration

Question 5

Transepidermal water loss

Answer 5

The water loss caused by evaporation on the skins surface

Question 6

Intercellular matrix

Answer 6

Lipid substances between corneal cells that protect the cells from water loss and irritation

Question 7

Melanocytes

Answer 7

The cells that produce pigment and protect our bodies from harmful ionizing UV rays

Question 8

Melanosomes produce a protein called ____?

Answer 8

Melanin

Question 9

Epidermal growth factor

Answer 9

Stimulates cells to produce and heal

Question 10

Fibroblasts

Answer 10

Cells that stimulate collagen production and amino acids that form proteins to aid in healing

Question 11

Arrector pili muscles

Answer 11

Small, involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that cause goose flesh when the appendage contracts; sometimes called goosebumps and papillae

Question 12

Sudoriferous glands

Answer 12

Also known as sweat glands; excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals

Question 13

Sebum

Answer 13

Oily substance that protects the surface of the skin and lubricates both the skin and hair

Question 14

Sebaceous glands

Answer 14

Also known as oil glands, are appendages attached to the follicles that produce sebum

Question 15

Subcutaneous layer

Answer 15

Also known as hypodermis; composed of loose connective tissue that creates a protective cushion, located beneath the dermis

Question 16

Subcutis tissue

Answer 16

Also known as adipose tissue; fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fat for use as energy, and also acts as a protective cushion for the outer skin

Question 17

Dermis

Answer 17

Also known as the derma, corium, cutie, or true skin; support layer of connective tissue, collagen, and elastin below the epidermis

Question 18

Reticular layer

Answer 18

The denser and deeper layer of the dermis, is comprised mainly of collagen and elastin

Question 19

Papillary layer

Answer 19

Top layer of the dermis; next to the epidermis

Question 20

Dermal papillae

Answer 20

Membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis; contains nerve endings and supplies nourishment through capillaries to the skin and follicles

Question 21

Hair papillae

Answer 21

Cone shaped elevations at the base of the follicle that fit into the hair bulb; papillae are filled with the tissue that contains the blood vessels and cells necessary for hair growth and follicle nourishment

Question 22

Collagen

Answer 22

Fibrous, connective tissue made from protein; found in the reticular layer of the dermis; gives the skins its firmness; topically, a large long-chain molecular protein that lies on the top of the skin and binds water; derived from the placentas of cows or other sources of

Question 23

Elastin

Answer 23

The fibrous protein that forms elastic tissue and gives skin its elasticity

Question 24

Glycosaminoglycans

Answer 24

Large protein molecules and water-binding substances found between the fibers of the dermis; GAGS are polysaccharide-protein and sugar complexes; they work to maintain and support collagen and elastin in the cellular spaces, keeping protein fibers in balance

Question 25

Hyaluronic acid

Answer 25

Hydrating fluid found in the skin; hydrophilic agent with water-binding properties

Question 26

Lymph vessels

Answer 26

Located in the dermis; supply nourishment within the skin and remove waste

Question 27

Epidermis

Answer 27

Outermost layer of the skin

Question 28

Stratum germinativum

Answer 28

“The germination or growth layer”; bottom layer (basal cell layer)

Question 29

Stratum spinosum

Answer 29

“The spiny cells”

Question 30

Stratum granulosum

Answer 30

“The grainy cells”

Question 31

Stratum lucidum

Answer 31

“The clear cells”; present only where the skin is thick, on the soles of the feet and the palms of the hands

Question 32

Stratum corneum

Answer 32

“The horny cells”