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NUR202: Health Assessment > Skin, Hair, & Nails - Study > Flashcards

Skin, Hair, & Nails - Study Flashcards

1
Q

Thin, avascular & outer layer that maintains the skin:

A

Epidermis

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2
Q

Inner layer of skin that is made up of collagen (connective tissue):

A

Dermis

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3
Q

Deeper layer made up of adipose tissue that functions in thermoregulation & protection

A

Subcutaneous tissue

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4
Q

Glands that make sweat, which is a dilute saline solution:

A

Eccrine glands

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5
Q

Glands that cause body odor:

A

Apocrine glands

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6
Q

Glands that assist in prevention of water loss from the skin:

A

Sebaceous glands

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7
Q

Gland secretion from _____ ______ form a reaction with skin bacterial flora producing so-called body odor:

A

Apocrine glands

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8
Q

So-called areas of dark red discoloration, associated with minor trauma:

A

Senile pupura

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9
Q

Deeper cut requiring stitches (Ex - from a knife / blade):

A

Laceration

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10
Q

To prevent skin cancer, specifically melanoma (most aggressive type) - at minimum, you should be using?

A

SPF 30 or higher

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11
Q

Superficial, requires no stitches:

A

Skin tear

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12
Q

Two most common skin conditions:

A

Psoriasis & Eczema

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13
Q

Skin itching

A

Pruritis

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14
Q

Impressive amount of hair loss:

A

Alopecia

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14
Q

Excessive hair, on body in a male-like pattern:

A

Hirsutism

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15
Q

When is jaundice a normal findings?

A

In newborns

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16
Q

Yellowing of the sin and the sclera:

A

Jaundice

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17
Q

What causes jaundice?

A

An increase of bilirubin in the blood

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18
Q

Ephelides:

A

Freckles

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19
Q

Nevus:

A

Moles

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20
Q

Bilateral extremity or so-called generalized edema:

A

Anasarca

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21
Q

What is associated with hepatitis, cirrhosis, or alcohol abuse? It is typically severe and chronic in nature.

A

Jaundice

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22
Q

Normal nevus size:

A

Less than 6mm, smaller than a pencil eraser

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23
Q

Term used to describe a lesion in a local area with a different appearance to other local nevi:

A

So-called “ugly duckling sign”

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23
Q

Cool, clammy skin

A

Diaphoresis

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24
Q

So-called “hard skin” associated with chronic connective tissue ailment & decreased mobility (rough, leathery, scar tissue like):

A

Scleroderma

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25
Q

Bright red dots, slightly raised, smooth, small in size, & normal finding in adults 30+ years old:

A

Cherry angiomas (senile)

26
Q

Contusion:

A

Bruise

27
Q

Lesions that start where they originate:

A

Primary lesions

28
Q

Flat, circumscribed, less than 1 cm and strictly a color change: (Ex - freckle, petechiae)

A

Macule

29
Q

Lesion that can be felt due to epidermis superficial thickening (Ex - Wart Verruca)

A

Papule

30
Q

Macules with size (1 cm+): (Ex - Vitiligo)

A

Patch

31
Q

Papule with a surface elevation greater than 1cm in width: (Ex - Psoriasis) -

A

Plaque

32
Q

Greater than 1cm in size, solid and elevated; can extend deeper than a papule into the dermis: (Ex - Xanthoma)

A

Nodule

33
Q

Somewhat irregular shape (red/raised) associated with edema, superficial transient,m erythematous, and raised: (Ex - Mosquito bite) -

A

Wheal

34
Q

A few centimeters or greater in diameter, may be soft or firm, can be benign or malignant:

A

Tumor

35
Q

Extensive pruritic reaction of several wheals in a collection coming together:

A

Urticaria (Hives)

36
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis, usually a SCAR from a medication:

A

Steven Johnson Syndrome

37
Q

Cavity of so-called free fluid, elevated, and up to 1cm in size - “blister-like”:

A

Vesicles

38
Q

Cavity of free-fluid that is larger than 1 cm and can rupture with ease (Ex - burn, contact dermatitis):

A

Bulla

39
Q

What reaction occurs when vancomycin is given too fast?

A

Red-man syndrome

40
Q

Fluid filled cavity enclosed by a capsule within the dermis or subcutaneous tissue:

A

Cyst

41
Q

Cavity containing pus (OR turbid fluid) that is elevated and circumscribed (Ex - Acne):

A

Pustule

42
Q

Evolution of a primary lesion over a period of time with a resultant change:

A

Secondary lesion

43
Q

Depression, irregular in shape, potential bleeding & can leave scar upon healing:

A

Ulcer

44
Q

Superficial abrasion that is self-inflicted, described as scratches from impressive amount of itching:

A

Excoriation

45
Q

Repaired skin lesion with loss of normal tissue and replacement using collagen (connective tissue); so-called permanent fibrotic change:

A

Scar

46
Q

Excess scar tissue outside of the original injury site, benign in nature:

A

Keloid

47
Q

Scales, crusts, fissures, ulcers, and scars are all examples of?

A

Secondary lesions

48
Q

Macule, papule, nodule, tumors, plaques, wheals, vesicles, bulla, and pustules are all examples of what?

A

Primary lesions

49
Q

Non-blanchable erythema with intact skin:

A

State 1 Pressure Injury

50
Q

Partial-thickness skin loss - Epidermis loss with an exposed dermis layer but NO visible fat or deep tissue:

A

Stage 2 Pressure Injury

51
Q

Associated with lack of perfusion, oxygenation and interruption of vasculature of body tissue - Commonly found over a bony landmark:

A

Pressure Injury

52
Q

Full-thickness skin loss with an injury that extends within the subcutaneous tissue layer, fat and granulation tissue is exposed, NO visible muscle, tendon, or bone structures:

A

Stage 3 Pressure Injury

53
Q

Full thickness skin & tissue loss with all skin layers involved & supporting tissue involvement - Bone, muscle, and tendons visible. Can include slough & eschar, also has a high potential for tunneling:

A

Stage 4 Pressure Injury

54
Q

Wound bed with so-called stringy matter:

A

Slough

55
Q

Necrotic tissue:

A

Eschar

56
Q

When a pressure injury has tunneled, what type of dressing do we use?

A

Wet to dry wound dressing

57
Q

Classified as anything else, very deep tissue injury that is unstagable:

A

Stage 5 Pressure Injury

58
Q

Nail clubbing associated with congenitial heart disease, pulmonary pathology & lung cancer:

A

So-called profile sign

59
Q

“Liver spots” seen in older adults & are not considered malignant - No need for treatment:

A

Lentigines (senile)

60
Q

Areas of pigmentation that are thick and raised, may appear crusty / scaly, or so-called warty:

A

Keratoses

61
Q

Have a so-called “stuck on” appearance and are NOT associated with cancer:

A

Seborrheic keratosis

62
Q

Plaques that are scaly, red-ten, with raised rough edges & are associated with sun exposure. They are also premalignant (with the potential to develop into squamous cell carcinoma:

A

Actinic keratosis

63
Q

So-called normal skin overgrowth that can be characterized as polyp-like:

A

Acrochordons (skin tags)

64
Q

Port-wine stain:

A

Vascular lesion

NUR202: Health Assessment (41 decks)

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