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Health Assessment Exam 3 > Chapters 25 - 27: Male & Female Genitourinary / Anus, Rectum, Prostate > Flashcards

Chapters 25 - 27: Male & Female Genitourinary / Anus, Rectum, Prostate Flashcards

1
Q

Structures involved in an upper UTI:

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, & urethra

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2
Q

Structures involved in a lower UTI:

A

Bladder and below

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3
Q

Male UTI’s are:

A

Harder to treat

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4
Q

Name for prostate growth:

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

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5
Q

BPH is treated with:

A

Tamsulosin (Flomax)

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6
Q

BPH rates:

A

50% of men over 50 years old

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7
Q

Why do we collect a C&S before giving an antibiotic for a UTI?

A

B/c we do not want antibiotic resistance

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8
Q

So-called groin:

A

Inguinal area

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9
Q

Bladder cancer risk factor:

A

Smoking

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10
Q

At what age does sperm production gradually decrease?

A

Around age 40

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11
Q

Enlargement of prostate associated with tissue hyperplasia & surrounds the urethra:

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

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12
Q

What disorder causes an obstruction of the urine stream and increases the risk for UTI’s?

A

BPH

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13
Q

The GFR for stage III CKD is usually:

A

30 - 60

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14
Q

Symptoms for stage III CKD:

A

None

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15
Q

What is diagnosed via blood testing, UA’s, and imaging studies?

A

CKD

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16
Q

Difficulty / painful urination:

A

Dysuria

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17
Q

Frequency, urgency, excessive urination during the night:

A

Nocturia

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18
Q

There is an increase in STI’s with what patient population?

A

Baby boomers

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19
Q

Why is it important to check urine color, consistency, and if there is sediment?

A

Changes can be indicators of infection (UTI, etc)

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20
Q

Excess quantity of urine:

A

Polyuria

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21
Q

Diminished urine output, less than 400 mL in a 24 hours period:

A

Oliguria

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22
Q

400 mL per 25 hours is equivalent to how many mL’s per hour?

A

16.67 mL/hour

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23
Q

How to determine if urine output is normal based on patient weight:

A

0.5 mL per kilogram per hour

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24
Q

Absence of urine:

A

Anuria

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25
Q

Urethral opening on POSTERIOR aspect of penis in setting of normal anatomical positioning:

A

Hypospadias

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26
Q

Urethral opening on ANTERIOR aspect of penis in setting of normal anatomical positioning:

A

Epispadias

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27
Q

What can urethritis be associated with?

A

Gonorrhea & chlamydia

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28
Q

Prepuce opening narrowed not allowing for foreskin retraction: (due to swelling):

A

Phimosis

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29
Q

Retraction of foreskin associated with glan constriction pain (can lead to necrosis):

A

Paraphimosis

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30
Q

So-called kidney stones causing abdominal and/or flank pain:

A

Renal calculi

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31
Q

Inflammation of the urethra that can cause purulent discharge, erythema, and edema:

A

Urethritis

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32
Q

What is associated with heart failure, renal failure, and/or localized inflammation or trauma?

A

Scrotal edema

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33
Q

WHat type of cysts are a normal finding on the scrotum?

A

Sebaceous cysts

34
Q

What is typically seen in severe HF?

A

Scrotal edema

35
Q

A maneuver used in the setting of swelling or masses.
Turn off the lights, shine a flashlight behind scrotal contents.

A

Transillumination

36
Q

Is transillumination normal or abnormal? Why?

A

Abnormal - B/c no light passing through is NORMAL

37
Q

Protrusion of bowel outside abdominal wall:

A

Hernia

38
Q

What type of cancer has a cure rate of near 100% prior to metastasis in settings of early detection?

A

Testicular cancer

39
Q

Why is patient education so important regarding a testicular self-examination (TSE)?

A

Early detection rates

40
Q

Testicular Self-Examination (TSE)

T:

A

Timing = monthly

41
Q

Testicular Self-Examination (TSE)

S:

A

Shower with warm water to promote scrotal sac relaxation

42
Q

Testicular Self-Examination (TSE)

E:

A

Examination & note any changes / report to provider immediately

43
Q

How is urine function tested?

A

Urinalysis (UA)

44
Q

A UTI can cause ______ , which has a 40% mortality rate.

A

Sepsis

45
Q

Infection of the kidneys / upper renal system:

A

Pyelonephritis

46
Q

What occurs on the right side, is an immediate medical emergency, and is known as acute spermatic cord twisting?

A

Testicular torsion

47
Q

In testicular torsion, the testis have a potential for:

A

Gangrene within hours, and death if blood supply is fully blocked

48
Q

Hemorrhoids are common in:

A

The elderly

49
Q

Control for the rectal external sphincter:

A

Voluntary

50
Q

Control for the rectal internal sphincter:

A

Involuntary

51
Q

Distal end of the large intestine, approx. 12 cm in length:

A

Rectum

52
Q

Anterior of rectum wall:

A

Prostate gland

53
Q

Non-specific, most commonly diagnosed cancer of males (also has higher incidence rates):

A

Prostate cancer (PC)

54
Q

The risk for prostate cancer is higher in:

A

Obese male populations

55
Q

Slow growing cancer that is commonly screened for around age 45-50 in the setting of so-called average risk:

A

Colorectal cancer (CRC)

56
Q

Stool of occult blood described as black and tarry, coffee ground consistency:

A

Melena

57
Q

Stool in the setting of biliary cirrhosis, gallstones, and hepatitis of ETOH / viral origin:

A

Clay colored stool

58
Q

Stool containing excess of fat, typically in Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, and chronic pancreatitis:

A

Steatorrhea

59
Q

BRBPR (Term, but never document or state this):

A

Blood right blood per rectum

60
Q

Term used for instruction of the patient to bear down:

A

Valsalva maneuver

61
Q

Impressively painful longitudinal tear of superficial mucosa about the anal margin, also described as ‘shards of glass’ with stool evacuation:

A

Fissure

62
Q

Varicose veins, so-called flabby papule:

A

Hemorrhoid

63
Q

Protrusion of complete rectal mucous membranes, appearance can be described as a red, moist doughnut containing radiating lines:

A

Rectal prolapse

64
Q

Name this structure:

A

Fistula

65
Q

Name this structure:

A

Indurated cord

66
Q

Name this structure:

A

Rolled-edge neoplasm

67
Q

Name this condition:

A

Prostatitis

68
Q

What structure is well aligned with the rectum?

A

Prostate

69
Q

Name this condition:

A

Beniign prostatic hyperplasia (hypertrohy)

70
Q

On a female, foley insertion can be:

A

Challenging

71
Q

How many tries on a female foley insertion do you get before you have to stop?

A

2 tries

72
Q

What occurs in females at approximately 48-51 years of age?

A

Menopause

73
Q

What occurs when menopause begins?

A

Menses cessation

74
Q

Number of pregnancies:

A

Gravida

75
Q

Number of births:

A

Para

76
Q

Abortion:

A

Spontaneous (miscarriage) or planned

77
Q

Acute pelvic pain lasts how long?

A

Less than 3 months

78
Q

Chronic pelvic pain lasts how long? 3 months or longer

A

3 months or longer

79
Q

Yellow, firm, non-tender, multiple, approximately 1 cm nodules:

A

Sebaceous cysts

80
Q

In a UA, the squamous epithelium value indicates:

A

If a sample is clean or dirty

81
Q

Squamous epithelium value between 0 - 5:

A

Clean UA & reliable sample, will treat

82
Q

Squamous epithelium value over 10 =

A

Dirty UA, not reliable at all. Re-collect sample

Health Assessment Exam 3 (16 decks)

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