Skin, Hair And Nails Assesement

Question 1

Which body system are hair, skin and nails a part of?

Answer 1

Integumentary system

Question 2

What is Constitutive Colour?

Answer 2

The standard colour of an individual’s skin

Question 3

What is the Fitzpatrick scale?

Answer 3

A scale used to describe hair, skin and eye colour

Question 4

What 3 traits should be looked for upon skin inspection?

Answer 4

1. Colour - natural or not
2. Hygiene
3. Lesions

Question 5

What 5 traits should be looked for upon skin palpation?

Answer 5

1. Temperature
2. Moisture
3. Texture
4. Thickness
5. Turgor

Question 6

What 8 characteristics should be noted about a skin lesion?

Answer 6

1. Size
2. Shape
3. Colour
4. Texture
5. Exudate
6. Tenderness
7. Configuration (location and distribution)
8. Vascularity

Question 7

What is a macule?

Answer 7

A flat, discolored area of skin

Question 8

What is a papule?

Answer 8

Small, raised lesion with well defined borders

Question 9

What is a pustule?

Answer 9

A small, raised lesion full of pus

Question 10

What is a skin plaque?

Answer 10

Silvery/white raised patch of skin

Question 11

What is a nodule?

Answer 11

A large, raised lesion

Question 12

What is a skin vesicle?

Answer 12

A small, raised lesion full of fluid

Question 13

What is a bullae?

Answer 13

A large lesion full of fluid

Question 14

What is urticaria?

Answer 14

Raised, discolored lesions cause by iritation/allergens

Question 15

What differs a scale lesion from a crust lesion?

Answer 15

Scales are elevated but superficial, crusts are flat but deeper

Question 16

What are erosion lesions?

Answer 16

Shallow lesions that effects only upper layers of cells related to degradation of skin

Question 17

What are ulcer lesions?

Answer 17

Crater-like lesions related to inflammation or infection

Question 18

What are petechiae?

Answer 18

Small, numerous points of bleeding below the surface of the skin

Question 19

What are purpura?

Answer 19

Large points of bleeding below the surface of the skin

Question 20

What is cutaneous atrophy?

Answer 20

A thinning of the skin

Question 21

What is telengiectases?

Answer 21

Lesion of branching, dilated blood vessels at the surface of the skin

Question 22

What are the 6 common lesion shapes?

Answer 22

1. Linear
2. Annular
3. Target/bull’s eye
4. Sepriginous
5. Reticulated
6. Zosteriform

Question 23

What is a zosteriform lesion?

Answer 23

A lesion that covers/spreads over a dermatome

Question 24

What is a reticulated lesion?

Answer 24

A lesion that branches in multiple directions

Question 25

What are verrucous lesions?

Answer 25

Raised, rough, wart-like lesions

Question 26

What is lichenification of the skin?

Answer 26

Superficial thickening of the skin due to frequent rubbing/scratching; the skin is leathery and dry

Question 27

What is induration of the skin?

Answer 27

Dermal thickening; skin presents more dense than nearby areas

Question 28

What is an umbilicated lesion?

Answer 28

Raised lesions with central indentations

Question 29

What is tegumentary Xanthomas?

Answer 29

Raised yellow, waxy lesions containing lipids

Question 30

What should be noted about lesion location and distribution?

Answer 30

Number, body parts, random or patterned, symmetrical/asymmetrical, sun exposure

Question 31

What are the ABCDE's?

Answer 31

A. Asymmetry B. Border definition C. Colouration D. Diameter E. Evolution/elevation

Question 32

What is acral lentiginous melanoma?

Answer 32

A melanoma found on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet and under the nails; most common melanoma found in POC

Question 33

What is alopecia?

Answer 33

A condition in which a patient loses hair; can be systemic or local

Question 34

What is hirsutism?

Answer 34

An excess of hair (most often around the mouth and chin) linked to hormone disorders

Question 35

What 6 factors should be noted while inspecting the scalp?

Answer 35

1. Quality of hair 2. Distribution of hair 3. Loss (and pattern) 4. Colour 5. Texture (changes in) 6. Scalp

Question 36

Can vertical ridges be physiological?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

What 2 traits should be noted when inspecting the nails?

Answer 37

1. Colour 2. Shape

Question 38

What is clubbing of the nails?

Answer 38

Swelling of the fingertips, making the angle between nail and nail bed > 180°

Question 39

What are Beau's lines?

Answer 39

Horizontal ridges or dents in the nails; caused by illness or injury

Question 40

What is nail spooning?

Answer 40

Nails that are unusually soft and turn up around the edges; linked to anemia or liver illness

Question 41

What is pallor?

Answer 41

Systemic blanching

Question 42

What is cyanosis?

Answer 42

Blueness of the skin

Question 43

What is jaundice?

Answer 43

Yellowing of the skin and scleras; linked to liver failure

Question 44

What is flushing?

Answer 44

Redness of the skin, accompanied by an elevated temperature

Question 45

What is erythema?

Answer 45

Redness of the skin accompanied by inflammation

Question 46

What is eccymosis?

Answer 46

Bruising/multiple shade discoloration

Question 47

What is "slapped cheek" syndrome?

Answer 47

Splotchy redness of the skin, often on the face

Question 48

What is pruritus?

Answer 48

The medical term for itching

Question 49

What are pressure injuries?

Answer 49

Injuries common in minimally mobile people; when downward pressure and upward pressure on a body prominence degrades the tissue between

Question 50

What is the Braden scale?

Answer 50

A scale used to determine the risk of a patient at developing a pressure injury